Psychiatric Disorders Flashcards
What is the definition of psychosis?
Disabling symptoms including hallucinations and delusion that make it difficult to function
What is a hallucinations?
False perception in the absence of external stimulus
What is a delusion?
Fixed, false belief held against evidence to the contrary that is not in keeping with their cultural, religious and ethnic background
What are first rank/ Positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Symptoms that are present when they should not be
Auditory hallucinations - voices heard arguing, thought echo and running commentary
Delusions of thought interference - insertion, withdrawal and broadcasting
Delusions of control - Passivity of affect, impulse and violations
Delusional perception
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Abilities are absent when they should be present. Most commonly apathy and social isolation
What is the management of schizophrenia?
Antipsychotics - no first line, dependent on patient preference.
What other conditions are differentials of schizophrenia?
Schizoaffective disorder - mood disorder with schizophrenic symptoms
Delusional disorder - single of set of delusions at the period of 3 months.
Manic episode with psychotic features
What are organic conditions that can result in psychotic symptoms?
Cerebral neoplasm, trauma, infection and infarct Epilepsy Hypercalcaemia B12 and thiamine deficiency Epilepsy CJD HIV Syphylilis
What is the definition of mania?
A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood lasting >1 week
What are features of mania?
Elevated mood
Increased energy and self esteem
Grandiosity - may be psychotic
Reduced attention span
What is hypomania?
3 or more characteristic symptoms lasting more than 4 days. Not severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning
What is first line in an acute episode of mania?
Antipsychotic - Olanzipine or quitiapine or respiridone
What is long term management of bipolar?
Mood stabilisers - Lithium gold standard
What is the definition of a personality disorder?
A disorder in which an individuals personality deviates from the cultural normality in a way that is problematic, persistant, pervasive and non pathological
What are cluster A personality disorders - MAD?
Paranoid
Schizoid - negative sx of schizophrenia
Schizotypal - hold odd or eccentric ideas or affect