Psychiatric Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of psychosis?

A

Disabling symptoms including hallucinations and delusion that make it difficult to function

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2
Q

What is a hallucinations?

A

False perception in the absence of external stimulus

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3
Q

What is a delusion?

A

Fixed, false belief held against evidence to the contrary that is not in keeping with their cultural, religious and ethnic background

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4
Q

What are first rank/ Positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Symptoms that are present when they should not be

Auditory hallucinations - voices heard arguing, thought echo and running commentary

Delusions of thought interference - insertion, withdrawal and broadcasting

Delusions of control - Passivity of affect, impulse and violations

Delusional perception

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5
Q

What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Abilities are absent when they should be present. Most commonly apathy and social isolation

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6
Q

What is the management of schizophrenia?

A

Antipsychotics - no first line, dependent on patient preference.

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7
Q

What other conditions are differentials of schizophrenia?

A

Schizoaffective disorder - mood disorder with schizophrenic symptoms

Delusional disorder - single of set of delusions at the period of 3 months.

Manic episode with psychotic features

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8
Q

What are organic conditions that can result in psychotic symptoms?

A
Cerebral neoplasm, trauma, infection and infarct 
Epilepsy 
Hypercalcaemia 
B12 and thiamine deficiency 
Epilepsy 
CJD 
HIV
Syphylilis
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9
Q

What is the definition of mania?

A

A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood lasting >1 week

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10
Q

What are features of mania?

A

Elevated mood
Increased energy and self esteem
Grandiosity - may be psychotic
Reduced attention span

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11
Q

What is hypomania?

A

3 or more characteristic symptoms lasting more than 4 days. Not severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning

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12
Q

What is first line in an acute episode of mania?

A

Antipsychotic - Olanzipine or quitiapine or respiridone

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13
Q

What is long term management of bipolar?

A

Mood stabilisers - Lithium gold standard

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14
Q

What is the definition of a personality disorder?

A

A disorder in which an individuals personality deviates from the cultural normality in a way that is problematic, persistant, pervasive and non pathological

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15
Q

What are cluster A personality disorders - MAD?

A

Paranoid
Schizoid - negative sx of schizophrenia
Schizotypal - hold odd or eccentric ideas or affect

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16
Q

What are cluster B personality disorders - BAD?

A

Antisocial - previously psychopath

Borderline - unstable relationships withothers and unstable sense of self

Histrionic - pattern of excessive attention seeking emotions

Narcissisitic - Self importance

17
Q

What are cluster C personality disorder- SAD?

A

Avoidant - social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy

Dependent

Obsessive compulsive - reliance on order BUT no true obsessions or compulsions

18
Q

What are the core symptoms of depression?

A

Low mood
Fatigue
Anhedonia

19
Q

What is the definition of depression?

A

Persistent low mood present for most of the time for at least 2 weeks

20
Q

What is the stepwise Mx of depression?

A

1st line - Psychotherapy and lifestyle advice in moderate and mild

1st line in severe or no response to initial interventions - SSRI

21
Q

What is the 1st line SSRI in childhood depression?

A

Fluoxetine