Psychedelics

Question 1

5-HT in PFC

Answer 1

• serotonin receptor agonist in PFC -> enhancement of glutamate activity in PFC

Question 2

Where is 5-HT made

Answer 2

5-HT is made in the raphe nuclei located in the brain stem. Sends axons to the PFC

Question 3

5-HT pathways?

Answer 3

Indirect pathway- sends axons to glutamate neurons to activate another glutamate neuron
Direct pathway- sends axon directly to desired glutamate neuron

Question 4

Who is John Paul Sarte

Answer 4

Took a lot of psychedelics and started seeing crabs following him

Question 5

Effects of psychedelics

Answer 5

-produces hallucinogens->hallucinations
-effects of hallucinogens depend on mood and environment
-elevated glutamate= lose of inhibition of inappropriate thought patterns (delusions)
-randomly some circuits are activated
-typically have one thought pattern at a time

Question 6

Monoamine family

Answer 6

-5-HT
-DA
-NE

Question 7

Dopamine Deficit

Answer 7

-Parkinson like symptoms
-slow reaction time
-Anergia (lack of energy)
-Anhedonia (pleasure center dysfunction)

Question 8

Routes of Administration

Answer 8

Oral
Sublingual
Smoking

Question 9

5-HT deficit

Answer 9

-OCD like symptoms
-impulsivity
-suicide/ aggression (Cue triggers)

Question 10

Why are SSRIS important

Answer 10

Help raise low 5-HT levels

Question 11

Deficit monoamines

Answer 11

Depression

Question 12

Ketamine

Answer 12

-Dissociative psychedelic
-causes disembodiment feeling
-noncompetitive NMDA antagonist
(NMDA bings to glutamate)
-blocks NA+ and K

Question 13

GABA w/o Ketamine

Answer 13

increased GABA , decreased glutamate

Question 14

GABA with Ketamine

Answer 14

decreased GABA
increased glutamate

Question 15

Stress and Glutamate

Answer 15

-stress shrinks glutamate synapses
-Ketamine reverses the effects of stress on glutamate receptors