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Psychology > Psych Unit 4 > Flashcards

Psych Unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Dr. Birkin major research interest is the development of motor skills in children. It is most likely that Dr. Burkin is a ______ psychologist.

A

Developmental

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2
Q

Babies are born with several reflexes for getting food. One of these is to…

A

Open the mouth in search of a nipple when touched on the cheek.

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3
Q

Horace, the youngest child of a high school athletic director, was able to rollover at three months, crawl at six months, and walk at 12 months. This ordered sequence of motor development was largely due to…

A

Maturation.

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4
Q

Which psychologist was most influential in shaping our understanding of cognitive development?

A

Jean Piaget

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5
Q

According to Piaget, schemas are…

A

Peoples conceptual frameworks for understanding their experiences.

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6
Q

The first time that four-year-old Sarah saw her older brother played the flute, she thought it was simply a large whistle. Sarah’s initial understanding of the flute best illustrates the process of…

A

Assimilation.

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7
Q

Incorporating new information into existence is to __________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.

A

Assimilation; accommodation.

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8
Q

Nate thought all nurses were young females until a middle-aged male nurse took care of him. Nate’s altered conception of a “nurse” illustrates the process of…

A

Accommodation.

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9
Q

Which of the following represents the correct order of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?

A

Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.

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10
Q

When Tommy’s mother hides his favorite toy under a blanket, he acts as though it is no longer in existence and makes no attempt to retrieve it. Tommy is clearly near the beginning of Piaget’s ________ stage.

A

Sensorimotor

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11
Q

According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to…

A

The difficulty perceiving things from another persons point of view.

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12
Q

If children cannot grasp the principle of conversation, they are unable to…

A

Recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.

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13
Q

Miss Pearson Cut Judy’s hotdog into eight pieces and Sylvia’s into 6 pieces. Sylvia cried because she felt she wasn’t getting as much hotdog as Judy. Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn’t understand the principle of…

A

Conservation

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14
Q

According to Piaget egocentrism is to conversation as the _______ stage is to the ________.

A

Preoperational; concrete operational

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15
Q

According to Piaget, during the formal operational stage people begin to…

A

Reason abstractly

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16
Q

Pat is normally very restless and fidgety, whereas Shelly is usually quiet and easy going. The two children must clearly differ in…

A

Temperament

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17
Q

According to Piaget, during the formal operational stage people begin to

A

Reason abstractly

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18
Q

Little Karen will approach and play with unfamiliar animals only if her mother first reassures her that it is safe to do so. This best illustrates the adaptive value of

A

Attachment

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19
Q

The process of imprinting involves the formation of an

A

Attachment

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20
Q

Which of the following is an example of imprinting?

A

A duckling demonstrates attachment to bouncing ball

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21
Q

Two characteristics of authoritarian parents are that they

A

Impose rules and expect obedience

22
Q

McDougals use harsh discipline on their children and demand unquestioning obedience psychologists are likely to characterize them as

A

Authoritarian

23
Q

Brad and Jane exercise very little control over their two young children, and they usually allow them to do whatever they want. Psychologist would characterize them as

A

Permissive

24
Q

Parent who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to be

A

Authoritative

25
Q

Authoritative parents are likely to have children who

A

Have high self-esteem and R self-reliant

26
Q

The ability to think logically about hypothetical situation is indicative of the ______ stage of development

A

Formal operational

27
Q

14-year-old Lisa was asked, “what would happen if everyone in the world suddenly went blind?” She responded, “those who had previously been blind would become leaders. “Lisa’s answers indicates that she is in the ________ stage of development

A

Formal operational

28
Q

Lawrence kohlberg focuses on the development of

A

Moral reasoning

29
Q

Kohlberg emphasized that human behavior becomes less selfish as we mature due to

A

Cognitive development

30
Q

Regis think it’s wrong to drive over the speed limit simply because he might get punished for doing so. He is demonstrating Kholbergs ______ stage of morality

A

Preconventional

31
Q

Juanita suffer from a painful back condition. Smoking marijuana would reduce her pain, but she thinks it would be wrong because it is for prohibited by laws of her state. Juanita is demonstrating Kholbergs _______ level of morality

A

Conventional

32
Q

Mr. Lambert is refuses to pay income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billions of dollars on military weapons. Mr. Lambert is reasoning best illustrates Kohlberg’s ________ state

A

Postconventional

33
Q

16-year-old Brenda questions her parents values but does not fully accept her friend standards either. Her confusion about what she really wants and values in life suggests that Brenda is struggling with the problem of

A

Identity

34
Q

Ericsson suggested that the adolescent search for identity is followed by developing a capacity for

A

Intimacy

35
Q

According to Freud, boys are most likely to experience the Oedipus Complex during the _____ stage

A

Phallic

36
Q

The Oedipus Complex is the term used by Freud To describe

A

Boys feelings of guilt and fear of punishment over their sexual desire for thei mother

37
Q

Two year old Damien frequently refuses to obey his parents because he derives immense pleasure from demonstrating his independence their control. Freud would have suggested that Damien is going through the blank stage of development

A

Anal

38
Q

Jean’s Benz a good deal of time bragging about his numerous sexual exploits Freud would have suggested Jean is fixated on the _____ stage

A

Phallic

39
Q

Freud suggested that in the process of development, people pass through

A

A latency stage before they enter a genital stage

40
Q

Even though Alecia was busy playing when her mother came to pick her up from her babysitter, she quickly ran to her mother, gesturing to be held. Alicia most clearly shows signs of

A

Secure attachment

41
Q

Eric Erickson suggested that children with a secure attachment to their parents are especially likely to experience

A

Basic trust

42
Q

Early stage of speech development

A

Babbling

43
Q

At 17 months, Julie says “wada” whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the blank stage of language development

A

One word

44
Q

European visitor to the United States as a taxi driver, “can you please a ride to the airport me give a?” this visitor is apparently not yet mastered the _____ of the English language

A

Syntax

45
Q

Syntax refers to the

A

Correct arrangement of words into grammatically sensible sentences

46
Q

What her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood the word “arms “referred to the weapons and not body part. Kristas correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of

A

Semantics

47
Q

In the words “lightly “, “neatly “, and “shortly “, the “LY “ending is a

A

Morphime

48
Q

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

A

Beans (morphemes)

49
Q

Phonemes

A

The smallest distinctive sound units of a language

50
Q

English words are constructed from about how many different phonemes

A

40

51
Q

The word “Cats” contains ______ phonemes and _____ morphemes

A

4;2

Psychology (5 decks)

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