Psych testing and assessment (chaper 1-5) Flashcards
What is a psychological test?
A tool that psychologists use to collect data about people. An OBJECTIVE procedure for SAMPLING and QUANTIFYING human BEHAVIOUR to make an inference about a particular psychological CONSTRUCT using STANDARDISED stimuli, and methods of administration and scoring.
What is the difference between a norm and criterion-referenced test?
Norm: group average - compared to norm group performance
Criterion: priori criteria - standard pass/fail
Outline a criterion-referenced test
Standard of performance is determined in ADVANCE, test taker’s performance compared to this
Outline a norm-referenced test
Performance of a representative group of people used in preparing test norms, and these used for scoring the test
Cronbach and Meehl argued that tests can be invalidated if…
They correlate too highly with tests of constructs they are not supposed to be measuring
The major forms of psychological test, as we know them today, had been developed by:
1950s
Which area of psychology does not use psychological tests in practice?
Social
What did the international test commission develop?
A set of guidelines on how psychological tests developed for one culture can be adapted for use for another culture
List three problems that can occur with test results if not used carefully
Reduce motivation, label some individuals as failures/problems, stigmatise individuals
What are four methods of data collection to answer a referral problem?
Observation, interviewing, record checking, psychological testing
In classical test theory, the correlation between true score and error score components of observed scores is assumed to be what?
0
In confirmatory factor analysis the fit of data and model is shown by…
A statistically non-significant chi square
The Rorschach ink blot test was originally designed to identify
Jungian psychological types
How does a psychological test differ from psychological assessment?
- Assessment is the broad process of answering a referral question
- testing is one of the methods of data collection within assessment, answers more straightforward questions e.g. what is IQ of a child
List 4 limitations of psychological tests
- Only tools, can’t make decisions for test users
- Used to capture the effects of hypothetical constructs - but psychological constructs aren’t always directly observable
- Can become obsolete due to advances in theory/technology
- People of differing culture/language can be at disadvantage
List 2 advantages of psychological tests NEED MORE HERE
- Objective procedure
- Can be administered by a computer and to hundreds of people at once
Define reliability
How consistently a test measures what it says it measures
What is the process of psychological testing? (2 steps)
- Administer test
- Obtain and interpret test scores
List an advantage and disadvantage of self-report and performance tests
Self:
Quicker and lots of people at once BUT only shows what people SAY they can do
Perf:
Tells us what person can ACTUALLY do BUT can only be administered individually
Self-report tests are good for measuring __ __ whereas performance tests are good for assessing ___
typical behaviour, limits of what a person can do
What is an advantage of group vs individual test administration?
Group: more economical to test and score
Individual: can observe performance of person
What is a culture fair test?
One free from systematic distortion of scores because of differences in cultural background
Being judged as a competent driver is an example of ____ referencing, whereas asking how other drivers performed on their driving test is an example of ____ referencing.
criterion, norm
To ask about the reliability of a psychological test score is to ask about how much is can be ____ on
Depended
