psych memory test Flashcards
definition of human memory
the part of your brain which is responsible for encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
echoic memory definition
auditory sensory memory, lasts 3-4 seconds.
iconic memory definition
visual sensory memory, lasts less than one second. unlimited capacity.
haptic memory definition
haptic memory record sensation, lasts two seconds. capacity of 4-5 items
name the three types of memory processing.
encoding, storage, and retrieval
explain the difference between automatic and effortful encoding
automatic processing: unconscious processing of information.
effortful processing: active processing of information which requires effort.
define chunking
grouping information together to make it easier to remember. e.g., phone numbers.
what is the difference between maintenance and elaborative rehearsal?
maintenance rehearsal involves repeating information (out loud or in your head). elaborative rehearsal is more elaborate and involves additional memory aids like mnemonic devices.
the serial position effect refers to the superior recall for items at the beginning and end of a list. what are the two effects called and what do they refer to?
the primacy and recency effect, this ability to remember the beginning of something is called the primacy effect, and the ability to remember the end is called the recency effect.
what are the types of long term memory?
episodic memory, semantic memory, and procedural memory.
what are the two types of amnesia?
retrograde amnesia, and anterograde amnesia.
definition of retrograde amnesia
retrograde amnesia is when you can’t recall memories from your past.
definition of anterograde amnesia
anterograde amnesia is when you can’t form new memories but can still remember things from before you developed this amnesia.
causes of retrograde amnesia
emotional or physical trauma, infections, dementia, head trauma, or other medical conditions
causes of anterograde amnesia
drug use, traumatic brain injuries, stroke, illness, and surgery
