Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GEO UNIT 3 > Psych Key science skills > Flashcards

Psych Key science skills Flashcards

1
Q

What is an extraneous variable?

A

Any variable that is not the IV which may have an affect on the dv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a confounding variable

A

confounding variable is a variable in the research which is not the main variable of interest but can affect the result of the story

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a controlled variable

A

A variable in research (IV) that the researcher controls to ensure it does not intervene with the DV.

Improve validity of study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Type of Extraneous variables

A

Participant variables

Situational variables

Demand characteristics

Experimenter effect

Placebo effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Participant variable

A

personal characters of individuals can affect the dv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Situational variable

A

external factors which may cause participants results and responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Demand characteristics

A

cues in an experiments which may influence the participatns response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

placebo effect

A

change in the participants behavior due to the belief they are receiving experimental treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Experimenter effect

A

influence the experimenter may have on the experiment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sample size and procedures

A

larger sample size allows for more representative sample, minimizes effects of ev

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Experimental design choice

A

random assignment - equal distribution of ev
compare effects of IV on DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Counterbalancing

A

systematically changing orders of treatment/task in a balanced way to reduce/avoid the unwanted effect on performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Placebo

A

A fake treatment similar to IV was used in the experimental group but is neutral and have no known effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Single-blind procedures

A

Keep participants unaware of the experimental conditions they are in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

double-blind procedures

A

keep both experimenter and participants unaware of the experimental conditions they are in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Standardised procedures

A

Consistency - experience the same experimental conditions

Replicability - confirm validity of research findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Controlled variables

A

Isolator effect - isolate effect of IV on DV
Replicability - confirm validity of research findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hypothesis writing structure

A

It is intended that <participants> who <IV> will have a <higher/lower> <DV> compared to those that <IV></IV></DV></IV></participants>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Population

A

Entire groups of research interest from which a sample is drawn and the researcher will seek to generalise the results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sample

A

Subset/part of the population that is selected for research purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Controlled experiment

A

One/or more IV is manipulated while controlling EV to observe the DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Correlational study

A

Identify and measure the association between 2 or more variables without manipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Case study

A

Focuses on detailed investigation group utilises multiple sources of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Classification and identification

A

categorizing and recognizing the attributes, properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Product, process/system developments
A systematic approach to improve process system
22
Simulation
Uses computerized models/representation to mirror real-world systems
23
Fieldwork
Collecting data, experiments, and observations directly linked to the experiment
24
Modelling
Mathematical framework to analyze and understand the behavior of complex systems
25
Literature review
Reviewing summarizing and analyzing existing literature
26
Controlled experiment
an experimental investigation of the relationship between one or more IVS and DVS controlling all variables researcher can investigate cause and effect of the relationship
27
Experimental group/condition
Participants exposed to IV
28
Control group/condition
participants not exposed to the IV
29
Between (experimental design)
Individuals are randomly allocated into different groups and complete only 1 condition ADV: Usually simpler DIS: Does not eliminate participant variable
30
Within (experimental design)
Each participant is in both the experimental and control conditions ADV: Eliminate participant variable DIS: other experiment might affect it
31
Mixed (experimental design)
An experimental design that combines elements of between-subjects designs and within-subjects ADV: Have the advantage of being within and between DIS: costly, time-consuming
32
Ethical concepts
Ethical concepts are the moral guiding principles that should be followed and considered when doing psychological research, practice or examining psychological issue
33
Ethical guidelines
Ethical guidelines refer to the rights participants are entitled to during research and researcher must provide that
34
Ethical evaluation
Ethical concepts and guidelines are evaluatied by the ethics committee before research is undertaken
35
Beneficence
commitment to maxmising the benefit and minimizing the negatives (risks and harms) in an experiments
36
Integrity
searching for knowledge and understanding, honest report of all knowledge and results
37
Justice
fair consideration of competing claims and no unfair burden on a particular group
38
Non maleficence
principle of avoiding causing harm, harm resulting from any position in course of experiment should not be disproportionate to the benefits
39
Respect
consideration that living things have intrinsic values
40
Confidentiality
Privacy, protection and security of paticipants personal information
41
Informed consent procedures
processes that ensures participants understand the true nature and purpose of the experiment
42
Use of deception
Deception refers to intentionally misleading participants about the true nature of experiment as knowledge of it may influence participants response/results
43
Debriefing
end of the procedure, participant leaves understanding the experiment aim, results and conclusion
44
voluntary participation
no coercion or pressure put on the participant to partake in the experiment
45
Withdrawl rights
right for participants to discontinue the experiment at any given time without penalty
46
Sociocultural factor (ethical evaluation)
47
Economic factors (ethical evaluation)
48
Legal factors (ethical evaluation)
49
Political factors (ethical evaluation)
50
Primary data
collected through firsthand research for an intended purpose
51
Secondary data
Obtained through second hand throguh research conducted by another person for another purpose
52
Qualitative data
Descriptive character and qualities
53
Quantitative data
includes measurable values and quantities can be compared on numerical scale
54
Objective data
information which is observable measurable, verfiable and free from personal bias of researcher
55
Subjective data
Information based on personal opinion, interpretation, pov, judgement
56
Standard deviation
Summarises how far scores within a set of scores spread out or deviate from the mean of those scores
57
True value
The value or range of values, that would be found if the quantity could be measure perfectly
58
Accuracy
How close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity being measured
59
Precision
How closely a set of measurements agree with each other
60
Systematic error
Error in data that differ from the true value by a consistent amount
61
Random error
Errors in data that are unsystematic and occur due to chance
62
Repeatability
To the extent which successive measurements produce the same results when carried out under identical conditions within a short period
63
Reproducibility
The extent to which successive measurements or studies produce the same results when repeated under different conditions
64
Internal validity
Whether a study investigates what is set out/claims to investigate
65
External validity
Whether results of research can be applied to similar individuals in a different setting

GEO UNIT 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions