Psych AOS 1 -- Nervous system

Question 1

Roles of Nervous system

Answer 1

Recieve Info
Process Info
Co-ordinate response

Question 2

Define neurons

Answer 2

Uses electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information between different areas of the brain and the rest of the nervous system

Question 3

Define sensory neuron

Answer 3

Recieve and carry sensory infor toward CNS
Enable us to sense the external world
Afferent neurons

Question 4

Define interneurons

Answer 4

Join Sensory to Motorneurons
Enable complex functioning of the brain (decision-making, planning, interpretation)
Produces spinal reflex

Question 5

Define Brain

Answer 5

Responsible for virtually eveything we think, feel and do

Question 5

Define the central nervous system

Answer 5

Processes, receives and interpret information through the sensory systems and responds with appropriate actions

Question 5

Define Motor neurons

Answer 5

Carry motor info away from CNS
To enable movement
Causes glands to secret and control internal organ function
Efferent neurons

Question 6

Define spinal cord

Answer 6

Connects brain and PNS; intiates spinal reflexes

Question 7

Define the Peripheral nervous system

Answer 7

Carries messages to and from the CNS

Question 8

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 8

Connects CNS to internal organs and glands; self-regulating

Question 9

Somatic nervous system

Answer 9

Carries messages from sensory receptors in the body to the CNS, and motor messages from the CNS to skeletal muscles

Question 10

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 10

Prepares/arouses body when it feels extreme emotion, threat for action (fight/flight/freeze)

Question 11

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 11

Calms body after action (maintains internal body in a steady/balanced normal functioning (homeostasis)

Question 12

Enteric nervous system

Answer 12

Dedicated to the functioning of the gastrointestinal (digestive) tract

Question 13

Function of the spinal cord

Answer 13

Receive sensory info from the body
Receive motor info from the brain
Generate a spinal reflex

Question 14

Physiological effects of fight/flight/freeze

Answer 14

Increase HR
Increase BR
Increase Blood pressure
Increase sugar/fat released into blood
Increase sweat production
Decrease digestion
Pupils dilate
Bladder relaxes

Question 15

Define neurotransmitters

Answer 15

Neurotransmitter is a chemical substance produced by a neuron that carries a message to other neurons

Question 16

Define excitatory neurotransmitters (Glutamate)

Answer 16

Cause a neuron to fire/increase the likelihood that the neuron will fire an action potential

Question 17

Define Inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA)

Question 18

Reuptake

Answer 18

The neurotransmitter that does not bind to receptors in the postsynaptic neuron is absorbed back into the terminal buttons by the presynaptic neuron

Question 19

Define neuromodulators

Answer 19

Subclass of neurotransmitters
Alter the overall effectiveness of neural transmission in entire regions of the brain

Question 20

Define dopamine

Answer 20

A modulating neurotransmitter or neuromodulator with both excitatory and inhibitory effects

Question 21

What CNS functions are dopamine involved in?

Answer 21

Pleasure
Behaviour
Movement
Attention
Motivation

Question 22

Define Serotonin

Answer 22

An inhibitory neurotransmitter that acts as a neuromodulator
(90% produced in the gut)

Question 23

Role of serotonin

Answer 23

• Mood
• Emotional processing
  -Sleep
  -Appetite

Question 24

Define synaptic plasticity

Answer 24

the ability of the synapse to change in response to experience

Question 25

How does synaptic plasticity strengthen

Answer 25

Continual use of synaptic connections is through the growth of new, additional connections

Question 26

How does synaptic plasticity weaken?

Answer 26

Disuse of synaptic connections resulting in the decay or elimination of a synapse