Psych Final review

Question 1

Introspection

Answer 1

an examination of one’s own thoughts and feelings

Question 2

psychoanalysis

Answer 2

the school of psychology, founded by Sigmund Freud that emphasizes the importance of unconscious motive and internal conflicts as determinate of human behavior

Question 3

behavioral perspective

Answer 3

taught, behavioral, monkey see monkey do

Question 4

cognitive

Answer 4

thoughts, trying to solve problems, weighing options

Question 5

humanistic

Answer 5

reaching fullest potential, best version of self

Question 6

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic

Answer 6

past experience, unconscious

Question 7

biological

Answer 7

brain, nervous system

Question 8

sociocultural

Answer 8

culture, gender

Question 9

hypothesis

Answer 9

a prediction or assumption about behavior that is tested through scientific research

Question 10

bias

Answer 10

a predisposition to a certain point of view despite the facts

Question 11

correlation

Answer 11

the relationship between variables

Question 12

informed consent

Answer 12

the consent given by the research participant

Question 13

variable

Answer 13

factors that are measured or controlled in a scientific study

Question 14

case study

Answer 14

an in depth study of a single person or group to reveal some universal principle

Question 15

theory

Answer 15

a statement that attempts to explain why something is the way it is and happens the way it does

Question 16

explain the importance of random sampling

Answer 16

to avoid bias

Question 17

why do psychologists have to replicate experiments

Answer 17

to see if results are the same

Question 18

Naturalistic

Answer 18

watching in natural environment

Question 19

Labratory

Answer 19

manipulating independent and dependent variables

Question 20

List the order a psychologist would follow when conducting research

Answer 20

1. create a question
2. write a hypothesis
3. test hypothesis
4. analyze results
5. draw a conclusion

Question 21

positive and negative correlation

Answer 21

increase/decrease together- positive
disagree- negative

Question 22

list the independent and dependent variable from given hypothesis

Answer 22

independent- if, changing
dependent- result

Question 23

central nervous system

Answer 23

brain and spinal cord

Question 24

neurons

Answer 24

nerve cells, the basic block of the nervous system

Question 25

endocrine system

Answer 25

glands that secrete the hormones into the blood stream

Question 26

heredity

Answer 26

the genetic transition of trails from one generation to the next

Question 27

hormones

Answer 27

chemicals produced by endocrine glands that regulate specific body functions

Question 28

chromosomes

Answer 28

a microscopic threadlike structure in the nucleus of every living cell

Question 29

hypothalamus

Answer 29

the neutral structure located below the thalamus that controls temperature, hunger, thirst, various aspects of emotion

Question 30

pituitary gland

Answer 30

master gland

Question 31

thyroid gland

Answer 31

controls metabolism

Question 32

adrenal gland

Answer 32

fight or flight, adrenaline

Question 33

pns

Answer 33

peripheral nervous system

Question 34

nervous system

Answer 34

cns + pns

Question 35

why do psychologists study hereditary

Answer 35

looking to see if genes impact behavior

Question 36

monocular cues

Answer 36

only need one eye to see ex. color, shape

Question 37

sensory adaptation

Answer 37

the process by which people become more sensitive to weak stimuli and less sensitive to unchanging stimuli

Question 38

sensation

Answer 38

the stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the cns

Question 39

absolute threshold

Answer 39

the minimum amount of difference that can be detected between two stimuli

Question 40

perception

Answer 40

the psychological process of organizing and interpreting sensory stimulation

Question 41

binocular cues

Answer 41

visual cues that require both eyes ex. depth perception

Question 42

gate control theory

Answer 42

only a certain amount of information can be processes by the nervous system at a given time

Question 43

consciousness

Answer 43

both aware and awake

Question 44

circadian rythm

Answer 44

24 hour varying levels of consciousness

Question 45

REM

Answer 45

when dreaming occurs

Question 46

NREM

Answer 46

non rapid eye movement

Question 47

three reasons we sleeo

Answer 47

-remember -recuperation -growth

Question 48

in what stage of sleep do we do most of our dreaming

Answer 48

REM

Question 49

explain two sleep disorders

Answer 49

insomnia- unable to fall or stay asleep sleep walking- walking in your sleep

Question 50

operate conditioning

Answer 50

rewards and punishments

Question 51

conditioned response

Answer 51

a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

Question 52

extinction

Answer 52

the disappearance of a conditioned response

Question 53

classical conditioning

Answer 53

making a connection between two stimuli

Question 54

reinforcement

Answer 54

increases stimuli

Question 55

fixed interval

Answer 55

same time between reinforcements

Question 56

variable interval

Answer 56

different time between reinforcements

Question 57

fixed ratio

Answer 57

same number of behaviors between reinforcements

Question 58

variable ratio

Answer 58

different number of behaviors between reinforcements

Question 59

example of shaping when used as a learning technique

Answer 59

gradual and symmetric way of getting someone to do something ex. learning to write, learning a sport

Question 60

short term

Answer 60

limited space

Question 61

long term

Answer 61

unlimited space