Psych Chap 10 Textbook Flashcards
Primary emotions
Universal & innate (e.g., anger, fear, happiness).
Secondary Emotions
Blends of primary emotions (e.g., guilt, shame, pride).
Valence & Arousal
- Emotions vary from negative to positive and low to high arousal.
Autonomic Nervous System
Prepares body for emotional responses.
Brain Regions & Emotion what are the two parts and within one of them what are the 2 paths
- Insula: Integrates bodily signals, processes disgust, and other emotions (e.g., guilt, anxiety).
-
Amygdala: Processes emotional significance, generates immediate responses, and evaluates facial expressions.
- Fast Path: Quick reaction via thalamus → amygdala.
- Slow Path: More detailed processing via cortex → amygdala.
Emotion Theories
- James-Lange Theory: Physiological changes → emotion.
- Cannon-Bard Theory: Mind & body process emotions separately but simultaneously.
- Two-Factor Theory: Emotion = physiological arousal + cognitive label (e.g., fear when seeing a bear).
Maslow’s Hierarchy
Basic needs must be met before higher ones (but lacks empirical support).
Drive Theory
Internal states (drives) create arousal to satisfy needs.
Homeostasis: Body’s regulation to maintain stability (coined by Walter Cannon). True or False
True
Incentives, Extrinsic Motivation, Intrinsic Motivation and which is better than the other intrinsic or extrinsic why
-
Incentives: External motivators (e.g., studying for a good grade).
- Extrinsic Motivation: Driven by external rewards.
- Intrinsic Motivation: Engaged for personal enjoyment.
- Intrinsic > Extrinsic: Better for quality, extrinsic boosts quantity.
SMART Goals
- SMART Goals: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-bound.
Grit
Passion & persistence for long-term goals.
Delayed Gratification: important for…
Important for achieving personal goals.
Self-Efficacy
Belief in one’s ability to succeed.
Self-Regulation
Directing behavior towards goal attainment.
Social Motivation
- Need to Belong (Baumeister & Leary, 1995): Fundamental human motive.
- Anxious Individuals: Prefer socializing with others who are also anxious. True or false
True
“The idea that you can activate an emotion by molding your facial muscles into the associated expression was described in 1963 by Silvan Tomkins
as the facial feedback hypothesis.”
“According to this hypothesis, facial expressions trigger the experience of emotion. Even the forced alteration of a person’s facial expression can change that person’s experience of emotion.” True or false
True
facial expressions are innate and not
Culturally taught
Charles Darwin said that
Facial expressions are universal
