psych buzzwords

Question 1

third person auditory hallucinations

Answer 1

schizophrenia

Question 2

mesocortical dopamine hypoactivity

Answer 2

negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia

Question 3

subcortical dopamine hyperactivity

Answer 3

psychosis

Question 4

dopamine pathway associated with prolactin release

Answer 4

tuberoinfundibular

Question 5

dopamine pathway associated with extrapyramidal motor movements

Answer 5

nigrostriatal

Question 6

dopamine pathway associated with motivation and reward

Answer 6

mesocortical or mesolimbic

Question 7

dopamine pathway affected in schizophrenia

Answer 7

mesocortical aka mesolimbic

Question 8

clozapine side effects

Answer 8

weight gain

agranulocytosis

Question 9

which antipsychotic causes the most weight gain

Answer 9

olanzapine

Question 10

limbic system functions

Answer 10

motivation
memory 
olfaction
visceral afferents 
emotion

Question 11

reduced frontal lobe volume (and grey matter)
enlarged lateral ventricles
reduced grey matter in temporal cortex

Answer 11

schizophrenia

Question 12

varied ideas in abundance

Answer 12

pressure of thought

Question 13

lack/absence of thought

Answer 13

poverty go thought

Question 14

abrupt and complete interruption of stream

Answer 14

thought blocking

Question 15

brain structure involved in normal response to threat

Answer 15

amygdala

Question 16

brain structure that ‘dampens down’ amygdala response to threat

Answer 16

pre-frontal cortex

Question 17

beck’s triad

Answer 17

negative feelings about self, work and future

Question 18

egosyntonic

Answer 18

behaviour, values, feelings that are in harmony with or acceptable to the needs and goals of the ego, or consistent with one’s ideal self image

Question 19

egodystonic

Answer 19

thoughts and behaviours that are in conflict with the needs and goals of the ego, or in conflict with a person’s ideal self-image

Question 20

tayside 1st line tranquillisation

Answer 20

oral lorazepam and/or haloperidol

step up if unsuccessful or effect required in 30 mins

Question 21

tayside 2nd line tranquillisation

Answer 21

IM lorazepam

repeat in 30 mins if needed

Question 22

what type of aphasia is associated with wernicke’s area

Answer 22

receptive

Question 23

what type of aphasia is associated with boca’s area

Answer 23

expressive

Question 24

neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques

Answer 24

alzheimers

Question 25

deficiency of thiamine causes

Answer 25

wernickes encephalopathy

Question 26

ophthalmoplegia ataxia acute confusion

Answer 26

wernicke's

Question 27

confabulation and anterograde amnesia

Answer 27

Korsakoff's

Question 28

slow movement frequent falls visual hallucinations dementia

Answer 28

Lewy body dementia

Question 29

1st line in levy body dementia

Answer 29

rivastigmine

Question 30

fluency and language most affected in which dementia

Answer 30

frontotemporal lobe dementia

Question 31

patients should be reassessed how long after starting antidepressants

Answer 31

2 weeks

Question 32

first line antidepressant

Answer 32

SSRI

Question 33

SSRIs for anxiety

Answer 33

citalopram and sertraline

Question 34

SSRI for OCD

Answer 34

fluoxetine

Question 35

antidepressant that is good for insomnia

Answer 35

mirtazapine | paroxetine if breastfeeding

Question 36

minumum effective antidepressant course

Answer 36

6 months | if stopped before refractory depression is harder to manage

Question 37

how do beta blockers help in anxiety

Answer 37

control physical symptoms

Question 38

beta blockers are contraindicated in...

Answer 38

asthmatics

Question 39

what checks should be done before starting beta blocker

Answer 39

HR and BP | if low can cause dizziness/falls

Question 40

what happens in serotonin syndrome

Answer 40

can't regulate temperature and BP muscle breakdown neuro symptoms

Question 41

affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal

Answer 41

serotonin

Question 42

linked to depression only

Answer 42

serotonin

Question 43

influences movement, learning, attention and emotion

Answer 43

dopamine

Question 44

oversupply leads to schizophrenia

Answer 44

dopamine

Question 45

undersupply linked to tremors, reduced mobility and ADHD

Answer 45

dopamine

Question 46

enable action, learning and memory

Answer 46

ACh

Question 47

neurones that produces this neurotransmitter degenerate in Alzheimer's

Answer 47

ACh

Question 48

undersupply leads to depressed mood and ADHD

Answer 48

ACh

Question 49

main inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 49

GABA

Question 50

undersupply leads to seizures, tremors and insomnia

Answer 50

GABA

Question 51

major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory

Answer 51

glutamate

Question 52

oversupply can lead to migraines or seizures

Answer 52

glutamate

Question 53

inducers of CyP450 have what effect on drug metabolism

Answer 53

reduce level of CyP450 metabolised drugs | reduce efficacy

Question 54

examples of enzyme inducers

Answer 54

antiepileptics st john's wort rifampicin tobacco

Question 55

inhibitor of CyP450 have what effect on drug metabolism

Answer 55

increased levels of CyP450 metabolised drugs | can cause overdose

Question 56

examples of enzyme inhibitors

Answer 56

``` macrolide antibiotics oral antifungals grapefruit juice diltiazem, verapamil fluoxetine, paroxetine amiodarone ```

Question 57

drugs that can be affected by inducers/inhibitors

Answer 57

``` sex hormones/contraception warfarin caffeine antipsychotics (clozapine, haloperidol, risperidone) theophylline statins CCBs, ARBs ```

Question 58

which neurotransmitter is thought to cause low motivation and concentration

Answer 58

dopamine

Question 59

what type of hallucinations are common in depression

Answer 59

auditory

Question 60

lack of which neurotransmitter is thought to be associated with fatigue and hypersomnia

Answer 60

noradrenaline

Question 61

lateral ventricular volume is increased/decreased in bipolar

Answer 61

increased

Question 62

MoCA >26/30

Answer 62

normal