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3 REVISION > psych buzzwords > Flashcards

psych buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

third person auditory hallucinations

A

schizophrenia

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2
Q

mesocortical dopamine hypoactivity

A

negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia

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3
Q

subcortical dopamine hyperactivity

A

psychosis

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4
Q

dopamine pathway associated with prolactin release

A

tuberoinfundibular

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5
Q

dopamine pathway associated with extrapyramidal motor movements

A

nigrostriatal

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6
Q

dopamine pathway associated with motivation and reward

A

mesocortical or mesolimbic

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7
Q

dopamine pathway affected in schizophrenia

A

mesocortical aka mesolimbic

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8
Q

clozapine side effects

A

weight gain

agranulocytosis

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9
Q

which antipsychotic causes the most weight gain

A

olanzapine

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10
Q

limbic system functions

A 
motivation
memory 
olfaction
visceral afferents 
emotion
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11
Q

reduced frontal lobe volume (and grey matter)
enlarged lateral ventricles
reduced grey matter in temporal cortex

A

schizophrenia

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12
Q

varied ideas in abundance

A

pressure of thought

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13
Q

lack/absence of thought

A

poverty go thought

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14
Q

abrupt and complete interruption of stream

A

thought blocking

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15
Q

brain structure involved in normal response to threat

A

amygdala

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16
Q

brain structure that ‘dampens down’ amygdala response to threat

A

pre-frontal cortex

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17
Q

beck’s triad

A

negative feelings about self, work and future

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18
Q

egosyntonic

A

behaviour, values, feelings that are in harmony with or acceptable to the needs and goals of the ego, or consistent with one’s ideal self image

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19
Q

egodystonic

A

thoughts and behaviours that are in conflict with the needs and goals of the ego, or in conflict with a person’s ideal self-image

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20
Q

tayside 1st line tranquillisation

A

oral lorazepam and/or haloperidol

step up if unsuccessful or effect required in 30 mins

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21
Q

tayside 2nd line tranquillisation

A

IM lorazepam

repeat in 30 mins if needed

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22
Q

what type of aphasia is associated with wernicke’s area

A

receptive

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23
Q

what type of aphasia is associated with boca’s area

A

expressive

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24
Q

neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques

A

alzheimers

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25
Q

deficiency of thiamine causes

A

wernickes encephalopathy

26
Q

ophthalmoplegia
ataxia
acute confusion

A

wernicke’s

27
Q

confabulation and anterograde amnesia

A

Korsakoff’s

28
Q

slow movement
frequent falls
visual hallucinations
dementia

A

Lewy body dementia

29
Q

1st line in levy body dementia

A

rivastigmine

30
Q

fluency and language most affected in which dementia

A

frontotemporal lobe dementia

31
Q

patients should be reassessed how long after starting antidepressants

A

2 weeks

32
Q

first line antidepressant

A

SSRI

33
Q

SSRIs for anxiety

A

citalopram and sertraline

34
Q

SSRI for OCD

A

fluoxetine

35
Q

antidepressant that is good for insomnia

A

mirtazapine

paroxetine if breastfeeding

36
Q

minumum effective antidepressant course

A

6 months

if stopped before refractory depression is harder to manage

37
Q

how do beta blockers help in anxiety

A

control physical symptoms

38
Q

beta blockers are contraindicated in…

A

asthmatics

39
Q

what checks should be done before starting beta blocker

A

HR and BP

if low can cause dizziness/falls

40
Q

what happens in serotonin syndrome

A

can’t regulate temperature and BP
muscle breakdown
neuro symptoms

41
Q

affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal

A

serotonin

42
Q

linked to depression only

A

serotonin

43
Q

influences movement, learning, attention and emotion

A

dopamine

44
Q

oversupply leads to schizophrenia

A

dopamine

45
Q

undersupply linked to tremors, reduced mobility and ADHD

A

dopamine

46
Q

enable action, learning and memory

A

ACh

47
Q

neurones that produces this neurotransmitter degenerate in Alzheimer’s

A

ACh

48
Q

undersupply leads to depressed mood and ADHD

A

ACh

49
Q

main inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

GABA

50
Q

undersupply leads to seizures, tremors and insomnia

A

GABA

51
Q

major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory

A

glutamate

52
Q

oversupply can lead to migraines or seizures

A

glutamate

53
Q

inducers of CyP450 have what effect on drug metabolism

A

reduce level of CyP450 metabolised drugs

reduce efficacy

54
Q

examples of enzyme inducers

A

antiepileptics
st john’s wort
rifampicin
tobacco

55
Q

inhibitor of CyP450 have what effect on drug metabolism

A

increased levels of CyP450 metabolised drugs

can cause overdose

56
Q

examples of enzyme inhibitors

A 
macrolide antibiotics 
oral antifungals 
grapefruit juice 
diltiazem, verapamil
fluoxetine, paroxetine 
amiodarone
57
Q

drugs that can be affected by inducers/inhibitors

A 
sex hormones/contraception
warfarin
caffeine 
antipsychotics (clozapine, haloperidol, risperidone)
theophylline 
statins 
CCBs, ARBs
58
Q

which neurotransmitter is thought to cause low motivation and concentration

A

dopamine

59
Q

what type of hallucinations are common in depression

A

auditory

60
Q

lack of which neurotransmitter is thought to be associated with fatigue and hypersomnia

A

noradrenaline

61
Q

lateral ventricular volume is increased/decreased in bipolar

A

increased

62
Q

MoCA >26/30

A

normal

3 REVISION (7 decks)

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