psych Flashcards
displacement vs projection
Displacement- redirecting emotions to a neutral person
Projection- attributing an unacceptable impulse to an external displacement (accusing others of cheating bc you want to)
fixation vs regression
partially remaining childish
regress- start bed wetting (involuntary)
Repression vs suppression
Repression- involuntarily witholding an idea or feeline
Supression- intentially witholiding an idea or feeling
reaction formation vs sublimation
RF- replacing a warded off idea or feeling with an emphasis on its opposite ( step mom hates her child so shes super nice to her)
Sublimation- channeling socially unacceptable feelinfs in an action to let it out
ALtruisim
Alleviating neg feelings via unsolicilated generosity, providing gratification (a mafia boss making a donation)
Humor
lightheartedly expressing uncomfortable feeling to shift the internal focus away from the distress
ADHD
onset before 12
>6 months of attn span and/or poor impulse contril
inattention in >2 settings
coesxitst with defiant disorder , give stimulatnt (methylphenidate) and behavioral therapy- atomexatinge, guanfacine, clonidine
Conduct disorder
repetitive pervasice behavior violating societal norms or basic right , after 18–> antisocial perosonality disorder
psychotherapy (Cognitive behavioral therapy)
diruptive mood dysregulation disorder
onset before age 10, temper tantrums, CBT, stimulants and antipsychotics
selective mutism
onset before age 5
anxiety disorder>1 month involving refrainign from speech in certain situations
behavioral family, and play therapy, SSRI
Separation anxiety
fear of separation from home or attachment figure >4 weeks, normal in kids 3-4
May lead to factitious physical complaints to avoid CBT
Tourette syndrome
onset before age 18
sudden recurrent non rhythmic stereotyped motor and tics
OCD and ADHD
Psychoeducation,
High protency antipsychotics - haloperidol, fluphenazine, tetrabenzine, A2 agoonsits - guafacine, clonitdie
Psychosis
distorted perception of reality - delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought speech
med illness, psychiatric illcenns,
Dellusions
pt believes that others are reading his thoughts
Disorganized thought
speech may be incoherent (word salad, tangential, or derailed (loose associations)
Schizophrenia
altered dopaminergic, serotnergic, and decreased dendrtitic branching
Pos- hallucinations, delusions, unusual thought process, disorganized speech, bizarre behavior
NEgative- flat blunted affect, apathy, anhedonia, alogia, social withdrawal
Cognitive- reduced ability to understand or make plans, diminished working memory, inattention
Diagnosis- >2 active symptoms at least one from the first 3
Delusions, Hallucinastion, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behviot, negative symptoms, >1 month of active symptoms past , over the past 6 months
Ventriculomegaly on brain imagine, , increases suicide risk
treat with atypical antipsychotics (risperiddone, 1st line
Negatime symptoms can stay
Breif psychodic- 1 positive symptom for under a month
Schizophreniform- >2 symptoms lasting 1-6 months
Schizoaffective disorder
> 2 weeks of psychotic symtpoms without a manic or depressed episode
you get psychotic even when you arent depressed
Delusional disorder
> 1 delusions lasting >1 month but without a mood disorder or other psychotic symptoms,
Schizotypal personality disorder
cluster a personality disorder, brief psychotic episodes, Delusions, that are less frequent and sever than in schiziphrenia- weirdo wizards
manic epidose
increased mood > 1 week
hospitalization or functional impairement with >3 of DIG FAST
Distractibility Imupulsivity indiscretion Grandiosity Flight of ideas goal directed Activity Agitation Dec need for sleep Talkativeness or pressured speech
Hypomani- not as severe
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar 1 >1 manic episode (can be with hypomania, depressed) Bipolar 2 (- hypomania and depressive episode)
Use of antidepressants destabilize, high suicide, mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, lamotrigine), atypical antipsychotics
Cyclothymic disorder- fluctuatind between mild depression and hypomania, >2 years with symptoms present at least half of the time
adjustment disorder
within 3 months of a stressor lasting<6 months–> GAD
CBT first line
PTSD
> 1 month after the disteress
acute stress disorder- 3 days to 1 months, with CBT
