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Behavioral Science > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

Define conversion disorder

A

Loss of sensory or motor function (neurological symptoms) without any neurological explanation
Often precipitated by acute life stressor

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2
Q

How long must the disturbance (nightmares, fear, reexperiencing traumatic event) last to receive a diagnosis of PTSD?

A

> 1 month

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3
Q

How long must the disturbance (nightmares, fear, reexperiencing traumatic event) last to receive a diagnosis of acute stress disorder?

A

3 days - 1 month

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4
Q

How long must anxiety last to receive a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder?

A

> 6 months

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5
Q

Define an adjustment disorder (including time frame) and compare to Generalized anxiety disorder

A

Adjustment disorder - emotional symptoms like anxiety and depression causing impairment following a significant psychosocial stressor (divorce, illness, etc.)
Lasts 6 months

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6
Q

What are defining characteristics of narcolepsy?

A
  • Excessive daytime sleepiness (most common cause of this is OSA)
  • Hallucinations - hypnagogic (before sleep) or hypnopompic (before awakening)
  • Narcoleptic sleep episodes that start with REM
  • Cataplexy - loss of all muscle tone following strong emotional stimulus (laughter, crying, etc.)
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7
Q

What causes narcolepsy?

A

Decreased hypocretin (orexin) production in lateral hypothalamus

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8
Q

Compare and contrast characteristics of delirium and dementia

A

Delirium

  • Acute
  • Consciousness impaired
  • Fluctuating course
  • Reversible
  • Overall global impairment and changes in sensorium
  • Abnormal EEG

Dementia

  • Gradual
  • Consciousness intact
  • Progressive course
  • Irreversible (usually, don’t forget about hypothyroidism and B12 deficiency in the elderly -> presents as dementia)
  • Short term memory deficits, long term intact
  • Normal EEG (usually)
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9
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Acting out

A

Expressing unacceptable feelings and thoughts through actions

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10
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Denial

A

Avoiding awareness of a painful reality

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11
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Displacement

A

Transferring avoided ideas and feelings to a neutral person or object

Example: mother yells at child because her husband yelled at her

(Vs. projection - attributing unacceptable internal impulse to an external source, like a man who wants another woman suspects his wife is cheating on him)

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12
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Dissociation

A

Temporary drastic change in personality, memory, consciousness, or motor behavior to avoid emotional stress

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13
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Fantasy

A

Substituting reality with imaginary scenarios

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14
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Identification

A

Modeling behavior after another person who is more powerful (though not necessarily admired)

Example: abused child identifies with abuser

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15
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Intellectualization

A

Using intellect to avoid uncomfortable feelings

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16
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Somatization

A

Transforming emotional conflicts into physical symptoms

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17
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Passive aggression

A

Expressing negativity and performing below what is expected as an indirect show of opposition

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18
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Projection

A

Attributing unacceptable internal impulse to an external source

example: Man who wants another woman thinks his wife is cheating on him

(Vs. displacement)

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19
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Fixation

A

Partially remaining at more childish level of development

Example: adults fixating on video games

(Vs. regression)

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20
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Rationalization

A

Proclaiming logical reasons for actions actually performed for other reasons, usually to avoid self-blame

21
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Reaction formation

A

Replacing a warded-off idea or feeling by unconsciously placing emphasis on its opposite

Example: patient with thoughts of doing heroin again volunteers at narcotics anonymous

(Vs. sublimation)

22
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Regression

A

turning back maturational clock and going back to earlier modes of dealing with world

(Vs. fixation)

23
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Repression

A

Involuntarily withholding and idea or feeling from conscious awareness

(Vs. suppression)

24
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Splitting

A

Believing all people are either completely good or completely bad at different times due to intolerance of ambiguity
Common in borderline personality.

25
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Altruism

A

Alleviating negative feelings via unsolicited generosity

26
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Humor

A

Find amusement in anxiety-provoking or adverse situation

27
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Sublimation

A

Replacing unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to wish, but does not conflict with one’s values

Example: teenager’s aggression towards father gets redirected to perform well in sports

(Vs. reaction formation)

28
Q

Describe the following ego defense process: Suppression

A

Intentionally withholding an idea or feeling from conscious awareness, temporarily

(Vs. repression)

29
Q

What are the mature ego defenses?

A

Mnemonic: Mature adults wear a SASH

Sublimation
Altruism
Suppression
Humor

30
Q

Describe dysthymia (including time frame)

A

Milder form of depression - also called persistent depressive disorder
Does not fulfill MDD criteria
> 2 years

31
Q

What is pica and what is it commonly associated with?

A

Ingestion of non-food items (commonly ice)

Associated with iron-deficiency anemia (and can worsen anemia due to lack of nutritional value)

32
Q

What is the most common cause of death in someone on PCP?

A

Trauma

33
Q

What are indications of PCP intoxication?

A

Belligerence - violent behavior
Nystagmus - vertical and horizontal
Acute brain syndrome - constellation of symptoms including disorientation, poor judgment, memory loss

34
Q

What are indications of Opioid withdrawal?

A 
Dilated pupils (mydriasis)
Piloerection
Fever
Yawning
Lacrimation
Stomach cramps, active bowel sounds
Diarrhea
35
Q

What are indications of Alcohol withdrawal?

A 
Autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, seizures)
Delirium Tremens - life threatening 2-4 days after last drink, commonly in alcoholics postsurgery (not able to drink)

Can rarely get Alcoholic hallicinogenesis - 12-48 hours after last drink

36
Q

What factor most increases someone’s risk of dying of suicide?

A

Access to firearms

37
Q

What are the criteria for schizophrenia and how long must they be present to receive a diagnosis?

A

Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized speech, Disorganized or catatonic behavior, Negative symptoms
> 6 months

38
Q

What is the time frame for a diagnosis of Brief Psychotic disorder

A

Less than 1 month

39
Q

What is it called when a patient meets the criteria for schizophrenia but does not meet the time frame?

A

Schizophreniform disorder (1-6 months)

40
Q

Define Schizoaffective disorder (including required time frame) and compare to mood disorder with psychotic symptoms

A

Psychotic symptoms with superimposed major depression or mania (>2 weeks)

There must be a period where psychosis occurs in the absence of mood symptoms, otherwise the diagnosis would be mood disorder with psychotic symptoms

41
Q

What drug group makes up the majority of overdose-related deaths?

A

Opioid analgesics

42
Q

What are the 3 clusters of personality disorders?

A

Cluster A - “Weird”
Cluster B - “Wild”
Cluster C - “Worried”

43
Q

What are the Cluster A personality disorders?

A

Paranoid
Schizoid - distant, okay with social isolation
Schizotypal - super weird, magical thinking

44
Q

What are the Cluster B personality disorders?

A

Antisocial - disregard for rights of others (conduct disorder if

45
Q

What are the Cluster C personality disorders?

A

Avoidant - socially inhibited, but desire relationship with others
Obsessive compulsive
Dependent

46
Q

What is a major concern with opioid intoxication?

A

Respiratory depression

47
Q

Describe somatic symptom disorder

A

Various complaints in multiple organ systems
Associated with excessive, persistent thoughts and anxiety about symptoms
May have actual co-occurring medical illness

48
Q

What is the proper management of somatic symptom disorder?

A

Schedule regular visits with same provider

Reassure of lack of illness

Behavioral Science (3 decks)

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