Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Psychosis

A

Break from reality involving delusions, perceptual disturbances, and/or disordered thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Delusions

A

Fixed, false beliefs that cannot be altered by rational arguments and cannot be accounted for by the cultural background of the individual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of delusions

A

Paranoid delusions: irrational belief of persecutions.
Ideas of reference: thinking events are related to individual
Thought broadcasting: others can hear thoughts
Delusions of grandeur: belief of special powers
Delusions of guilt: false belief of responsibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hallucinations and associations

A

Auditory hallucinations: most commonly exhibited by schizophrenic patients.
Visual hallucinations: commonly seen with drug intoxication
Olfactory hallucinations: usually an aura associated with epilepsy
Tactile hallucination: usually secondary to drug abuse or alcohol withdrawal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Illusion

A

Misinterpretation of an existing sensory stimulus. eg cat for shadow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Differential diagnosis of psychosis

A 
Psychosis secondary to general medical condition
Substance induced psychotic disorder
Delirium/dementia
Bipolar disorder
MDD w/ psychotic features
Schizophreniform disorder
Schizoaffective disorder
Delusional disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Psychosis secondary to general medical condition

A

CNS disease: CVA, MS, neoplasm, PD, Huntington, temporal lobe epilepsy, encephalitis, prion disease.
Endocrinopathies: Addison/Cushing disease, hyper/hypothyroidism.
Nutritional/Vitamin def: B12, folate, niacin
Other: SLE, temporal arteritis, porphyria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Criteria for psychosis secondary to general medical condition

A

Prominent hallucinations or delusions
Symptoms do not occur only during episode of delirium
Evidence to support medical cause from lab area data, history, or physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Psychosis secondary to medication or substance use

A

Prominent hallucinations or delusions
Symptoms do not occur only during episode of delirium
Evidence to support medication or substance-related cause from lab data, history, or physical
Disturbance is not better accounted for by a psychotic disorder that is not substance-induced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Schizophrenia positive symptoms

A

Hallucinations
Delusions
Bizarre behavior
Thought disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Schizophrenia negative symptoms

A

Blunted affect
Anhedonia
Apathy
Inattentiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Prodromal phase of schizophrenia

A

Decline in function preceding first psychotic episode, pt becomes socially withdrawn and irritable, w/w/o physical complaints or new found interest in religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Psychotic phase of schizophrenia

A

Perceptual disturbances, delusions, and disordered thought process/content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Residual phase of schizophrenia

A

Occurs between episodes of psychosis. Marked by flat affect, social withdrawal, and odd thinking/behavior (negative symptoms). Note, pts can continue to have hallucinations despite treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three phases of schizophrenia

A

Prodromal, psychotic, and residual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

5 A’s of schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A 
Anhedonia
Affect (flat)
Alogia (poverty of speech)
Avolition (apathy)
Attention (poor)
17
Q

Diagnosis of schizophrenia

A

2 or more at least 1 month: Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized speech, Grossly disroganized or catatonic behavior, Negative symptoms

  • significant social/occupational deterioration
  • duration of illness > 6 months (including early phases)
  • symptoms not due to medical condition
18
Q

Subtypes of schizophrenia and associations

A

Paranoid - highest functioning, older age of onset.
Disorganized - poor functioning, younger age of onset.
Catatonic - mute w/w/o motor immobility, echolalia (repeats words) and echopraxia (practices behaviors).
Undifferentiated - a little bit of everything
Residual - prominent negative symptoms

19
Q

Schizophrenia pathways and associations

A

Dopamine pathways:
Prefrontal cortical - responsible for negative symptoms
Mesolimbic - responsible for positive symptoms
Tuberoinfandibular - blocked by neuroleptics, causing hyperprolactinemia
Nigrostridal - blocked by neuroleptics, causing EPS s/e

20
Q

Schizophrenic head CT

A

enlargement of ventricles and diffuse cortical atrophy

21
Q

Poor prognosis factor in schizophrenia

A 
Early onset
Poor social support
Negative symptoms
Family hx
Gradual onset
Male sex
Many relapses
Poor premorbid function (social isolation, etc)
22
Q

List of typical neuroleptics

A

Chlopromazine
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine
Haloperidol

23
Q

Mechanism of typical neuroleptics

A

Mostly D2 receptor antagonist.

24
Q

Side effects of typical neuroleptics

A

EPS
NMS
Tardive dyskinesia

25
Q

List of atypical neuroleptics

A 
Risperidone
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Ziprasidone
26
Q

Mechanism of atypical neuroleptics

A

Serotonin receptor antagonist, some dopamine receptor antagonist effect

27
Q

Side effects of atypical neuroleptics

A

Lower incidence of EPS.

28
Q

Schizophreniform diagnosis

A

same as schizophrenia but lasting between 1 and 6 months.

29
Q

Anti-psychotic medications s/e EPS

A

Dystonia (spasm)
Parkisonism (resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia)
Akathisia (feeling restlessness)

30
Q

Treatment of EPS 2/2 antipsychotics

A

Benztropine, amantadine, benzodiazepines

31
Q

Anti-psychotic medications s/e anticholinergic symptoms

A

Dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision

32
Q

Treatment of anticholinergic symptoms

A

symptomatic

33
Q

Anti-psychotic medication s/e Tardive diskinesia

A

Darting or writhing movements of face, tongue, and head

34
Q

Treatment of Tardive diskinesia

A

D/C offending agent, substitute with atypical. Benzodiazepines, beta blockers, and cholinenomimetics for short term.

35
Q

Diagnosis of NMS

A

Confusion, high fever, elevated blood pressure, tachycardia, “lead pipe” rigidity, sweating, and elevated CPK levels

36
Q

Schizoaffective disorder

A

meets criteria for MDD, manic episode, or mixed episode.
Delusion and hallucinations for 2 weeks in absence of mood disorder (otherwise you might be looking as schizoaffective d/o vs mood d/o w/ psychotic features).

37
Q

Brief psychotic d/o

A

psychotic symptoms between 1 day to 1 month

38
Q

Treatment for brief psychotic d/o

A

brief hospitalization, supportive psychotherapy, course of antipyschotics for psychosis with benzodiazepines for agitation

39
Q

Diagnosis of delusional disorder

A

Non-bizarre, fixed delusions for at least 1 month
Does not meet criteria for schizophrenia
Not significantly affecting functioning

Psych (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions