Psych 269 Test 1 Flashcards
What are the two coping styles?
- avoidance vs. confrontation styles
- problem focused vs. emotion focused
avoidance vs. confrontation styles
- avoidant may or may not bot helpful in short-term
- risk factor for adverse responses to events
- ppl report less stress but may have strong physiological reactions
- avoidant not helpful long-term
- active (confrontative) coping may increase resources and availability
problem focused and emotion focused
- can work together
- problem focused better if can achieve results, otherwise emotion focused better
emotion focused coping
- emotional distress (-) (ruminated)
- emotional-approach coping (+)
- clarifying, focusing on and working through emotions
- may be especially beneficial for women
disclosure to emotion focused coping
- reduce rumination
- may be beneficial after trauma, though careful some harmful especially too soon
- written disclosure
coping style
general propensity to deal with stress events in particular way
stress moderator
modify how stress is experienced and effect it has
role ambiguity
inadequate or misleading information about how to do job
role conflict
- conflicting messages
- values conflict
- conflicting roles or work and family role
work overload
- perceptions as important or more important than objective overload
- too may expectations
- don’t have knowledge or skills
dimensions of stress
- positive or negative events
- controllable or uncontrollable events
- ambiguous events
- overload
- which stressors?
direct pathways to disease from stress
- can’t terminate inflammation
- low immune function
- elevated lipids
- blood pressure
- high hormone activity
indirect pathways to disease from stress
- health-comprimising behaviors
- sleep problems
- decreased nutrition (need calories)
health psychology
devoted to understanding psychological influences on how ppl stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond when they do get ill
biomedical model
- focus on biological factors
- assumes psychological and social factors not important
- emphasis on treatment of illness
biopsychosocial model
- health and illness are due to interaction of biological, psychological and social factors
- emphasis on health, not just illness
etiology
orgins or causes of illness
epidemiology
study of frequency, distribution and causes of infectious and noninfectious disease in population
primary prevention
promote behavior change of bad health habits, prevent form starting bad health habits
barriers to change
- environmental changes
- less incentive to develop health habits when younger
- instability of health behaviors
gain-framed messages
- what you could gain by doing behavior
- adopting health-promoting behavior for positive outcomes or to avoid undesirable outcomes
- ex. brush your teeth for an attractive smile
loss-framed messages
- what one could lose if you don’t do behavior
- failure to adopt health-promoting behavior may have negative outcomes or might miss desirable outcomes
- ex. if don’t brush teeth, might get cavities
effective educational appeal
- colorful and vivid
- communicator expert, prestigious, likable, trustworthy, similar to audience
- strong arguments at beginning and end
- short, clear, direct
- state conclusions specifically
- extreme but not too extreme messages
- know your audience
