psych 2031 Flashcards
ViCLAS
The violent crime linkage analysis system developed by the rcmp to collect and analyze info on serious crime in Canada
An inability on the part of the police to link geographically dispersed serial crimes committed by the same offender because of information sharing among agencies
Linkage blindness
what are the 4 clusters of sex offender
1.Hunters- (Actively seek out victims close to their home)
2.Poachers- (who travel far to find victim)
3.trollers- (who encounter victim during regular routine)
4.trappers- (who put themselves into a situation)
A model of personality that assumes the primary determinants of behaviour are stable, internal traits
Classic Trait model
An investigate technique that uses crime scene locations to predict the most likely area where an offender resides
Geographic profiling
What is the basic assumption behind geographic profiling?
Most serial offenders do not travel far from home, therefore it should be possible to accurately predict where they live
a label used to describe a person whose psychopathic traits are assumed to be due to environmental factors
Sociopathy
How to interview a psychopath (Quayle)
- Know the case
- Control the interview, authority
3.Show admiration
4.avoid criticism
5.avoid conveying emotion
What might a psychopath do in an interview?
-Try to outsmart interrogator
-enjoy the attention
-attempt to control interrogation
A theory that suggests psychopaths fail to use contextual cues that are peripheral to a dominant response set to modulate their behaviour
response modulation deficit theory
Filicide
When parents kill their children
Familicide
The killing of a spouse and children
Femicide
Killing of women
Androcide
Killing of men
When an individual has killed two or more victims in separate events
Serial murder
when an individual has killed multiple victims in one event at one location
Mass murder
offender must have killed two or more victims in one continuous event at two or more locations
spree murder
Visionary serial murderer
A murderer who kills in response to voices or visions telling them to kill
This type of killer is motivated by self gratification and is divided into 3 subsets, lust, thrill, comfort
Hedonistic serial murderer
reporting details of a previously witnessed event or person
recall memory
determining whether a previously seen item or person is the same as what is currently being viewed
Recognition memory
3 ways police limited their ability to collect complete accurate information from eye witnesses
- police interrupting eye witnesses
- short specific questions
- asked questions that were predetermined and inconsistent with information that witness provided them with
memory conformity
when what one witness reports influences what another witness reports
what are 2 techniques used in hypnosis?
- Age regression (witness goes back in time and relives the event)
- television technique (witness imagines they are watching the event on an imaginary technique)
4 memory retrieval techniques in cognitive interview
- reinstate context
2.report everything
3.reversing order
4.changing perspective
why are photo arrays more common than lineup?
-Less time consuming
-Portable
-Photos are static
-witness may be less anxious
Identification procedure that shows one person to the witness
Showup
Walk-by identification
When a witness is brought out in public by police to identify suspect
Cross race effect
People being able to identify faces of their own race more accurately than faces of other races
What methods are used to determine an offenders background characteristics?
Deductive - Evidence left at crime scene
Inductive- evidence at crime scene compared to other solved crimes, previous offenders characteristics
What is a risk of criminal profiling?
Tunnel vision
Homology assumption of criminal profiles
Similar crimes are committed by similar people
DSM-5
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental Disorder
Disregard for rights, and violation of other from childhood, early adolescents, criminal behaviour, little guilt, untruthful, risk-taking
Pervasive Pattern
Symptoms of APD
– Repeatedly engaging in criminal acts
– Deceitfulness
– Impulsivity
– Irritability
– Reckless behaviors
– Irresponsibility
– Lack of remorse
what % of adult offenders in prison have psychopathy
10-25%
What % of general pop have psychopathy?
0.5%
How to measure Psychopathy?
PCL-R
PPI-R
Tri-PM
Underlying mechanisms for psychopathy?
-Immaturity of prefrontal cortex
- Low arousal in autonomic nervous system)
