psych 201: chapter 6 learning Flashcards
learning
relatively enduring change in behavior resulting from experience
nonassociative learning
learning to adjust responses to a repeated stimulus
habituation
a decrease in a behavioral response after repeated exposure to a stimulus
sensitization
when our behavioral response to a stimulus increases
associative learning
learning about the link between two stimuli or events that go togerther
social learning
acquiring behaviors and predictive association between stimuli or events through interactions with others
classical conditioning
when we learn that a stimulus predicts another stimulus
neutral stimulus
a stimulus that is not associated with an action
unconditioned stimulus
a stimulus that elicits a response without any prior learning
unconditioned response
a response that does not have to be taught, such as a reflex
conditioned stimulus
stimulus that elicits a response only after learning has taken pace
conditioned response
response that occurs when only the conditioned stimulus is presented
acquisition
formation of an association between a conditioned stimulus
extinction
occurs when the conditioned stimulus no longer predicts the unconditioned stimulus
spontaneous recovery
the extinguished conditioned stimulus again produces a conditioned response
stimulus generalization
when stimuli similar but not identical to the conditioned stimulus produce the conditioned response
stimulus discrimination
occurs when a person learns to differentiate between two similar stimuli if one is consistently associated with the unconditioned stimulus and the other is not
second-order conditioning
value of money- we don’t value green paper, we value the rewards that the presence of money brings
John Watson and little Albert
watson conditions child to be afraid of a bunny because watson played a loud noise with every presentation of the bunny
phobias and fear conditioning
phobia- acquired fear that is out of proportion to the real threat of an object or situation
fear conditioning- a type of classical conditioning that turns neutral stimuli into threatening stimuli