Psych 100 - Therapy and Treatment Flashcards
Types of Therapists: Clinical Psychologist
Ph.D or Psy.D
works with the most serious cases
Types of Therapists: Counseling Psychologists
Ph.D, Psy.D, Ed.D
unlikely to work with clients that have serious mental health issues
Types of Therapists: School Psychologist
Ph.D, Ed.D
psychological testing and behavioral management for students
Types of Therapists: Psychiatrist
MD
in most states, only degree that can prescribe medication
Recipients of Treatment
most people who meet criteria for the DSM-5 diagnosis, do not seek treatment
possible factors include sex, education, and income level
Class of Therapies: Insight Therapies
remove distressing symptoms by leading people to understand their causes through deeply felt personal insights
includes psychoanalytic, person centered, and group therapy
Class of Therapies: Behavioral Therapies
based on principles of learning that focus on observable, measurable behavior
Class of Therapies: Cognitive Therapies
focuses on client’s thoughts rather than his or her own feelings and behaviors
Class of Therapies: Biomedical Therapies
treatments that focus on the biological basis of a disorder
Psychoanalytical Therapy
based on Freud’s contention that psychological problems result from conflicts within the unconscious
conflicts must become conscious in order to be resolved
once patient experiences them consciously, they can be expressed and modified
patient must accept insights of therapist
Resistance
patient opposes attempts to bring unconscious into conscious because it causes anxiety
Transference
patient’s unconscious feelings about someone experienced as feelings toward therapist
Counter-Transference
the tendency of a therapist to displace onto the client feelings caused by people in the therapist’s life
Person-Centered Therapy
focus on thoughts, abilities, cleverness of client - not focused on insight of therapist
therapist is sounding board for client’s thoughts
creates safe, non-judgmental atmosphere
Unconditional Positive Regard
technique used in person-centered therapy
client is worthy of and capable no matter what client does or says
Group Therapy
normally consists of 6-9 people in a 90 minute sessions
costs less than private sessions
clients benefit from knowing others have similar problems
Types of Cognitive Therapy
rational-emotive
cognitive-behavioral
Cognitive Therapy
people disturb themselves with thoughts, ex: “I must be perfect,” “Everyone must love me,” and it is catastrophic when things don’t go as planned
goals of cognitive therapy:
-identify maladaptive ways of thinking
- replace these with adaptive thoughts
Cognitive Therapy: Rational-Emotive
negative emotions arise from people’s irrational interpretations of experiences
Musterbations
irrational belief that you must do or have something
Awfulizing
mental exaggeration of setbacks
Cognitive Therapy: Cognitive-Behavioral
incorporates techniques from cognitive therapy and behavior therapy
used to correct faulty thinking and change maladaptive behaviors
Cognitive Therapy Based on Behavioral Therapy and Classical Conditioning
aversion therapy: painful or unpleasant stimulus follows the unwanted behavior
flooding: immerse consenting person in the fear stimulus
after fear subsides, calm sets in, and is associated with the feared object
systematic desensitization: create a hierarchy ranging from least to most feared stimulus
work through hierarchy while maintaining calm
General Conclusions About Therapy Effectiveness
people in treatment do better than those who do not
some therapists are better than others
