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PSYC4022 Testing and Assessment > PSYC4022 Testing and Assessment Week Four Intelligence > Flashcards

PSYC4022 Testing and Assessment Week Four Intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

Describe 7 stages in the history of the development of Intelligence testing

A

Trends/ History of Intelligence Testing

  1. Spearman (1904) g-factor
  2. Binet and Simon (1905) - children scale
  3. WWI (1914) - screening recruits
  4. Terman (1916) revises Binet and Simon’s scale - Standford Intelligence Scale (Standford Binet)
  5. Spearman (1927) Two factor theory
  6. Wechsler (1939) Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale
  7. Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence (1995) renews debate around construct
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2
Q

Describe 9 Issues in Intelligence Testing

A

Some issues in Intelligence Testing

  1. Nature Vs Nurture
  2. Achievement Vs Aptitude
  3. Generalisable Validity
  4. Labelling
  5. Factor Structure
  6. Test bias
  7. Test gains
  8. Divergent Thinking
  9. Different Intelligences
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3
Q

Interactionism in Intelligence Literature is…

A

the complex concept by which heredity and environment are presumed to interact and influence the development of one’s intelligence.

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4
Q

In factor analytic theories, the focus is on…

A

squarely identifying the ability or groups of abilities deemed to constitute intelligence

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5
Q

In Information-processing theories, the focus is on…

A

identifying the specific mental processes that constitute intelligence

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6
Q

Who are the 10 major theorists of Intelligence?

A
  1. Galton - First to publish on the heritability of intelligence. Believed sensory ability was the core of intelligence
  2. Binet - Believed that intelligence was comprised of reasoning, judgement, memory and abstraction
  3. Wechsler - Intelligence is an aggregate measure of elements which are qualitatively differentiable (p.288)
  4. Piaget - Intelligence is an evolving biological adaptation to the outside world. Stages of Development
  5. Spearman - 2 Factor Theory of Intelligence
  6. Guildford (1967) tried to elliminate g.
  7. Thurstone (1938) conceptualised 7 primary abilities
  8. Gardner (1983, 1995) mutliple intelligences
  9. Cattell - Fluid and Crystalised Intelligence
  10. Carrol - 3 Stratum theory
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7
Q

What are Gardner’s 7 major types of intelligence?

A
  1. logical-mathematical
  2. bodily-kinesthetic
  3. linguistic
  4. mustical
  5. spatial
  6. Interpersonal
  7. Intrapersonal
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8
Q

Hernstein & Murray (1994) The Bell Curve identifies 4 features of Intelligence. They are;

A
  1. IQ is a strong predictor of achievement (school and career)
  2. IQ is highly heritable, and is scarcely influenced by environment
  3. Racial differences in IQ are largely due to genetics
  4. Education has little impact on IQ
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9
Q

Emotional Intelligence is thought to be a combination of;

A
  1. Recognising emotions in others
  2. Regulating emotions
  3. Majority answers in an expert sample (Psychologists)
  4. Had been found to be useful especially for org. psychs for predicting performance in some domains
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10
Q

How is the WAIS diff from the Stanford Binet?

A
  1. Test/ Retest is different
  2. Chronological Age
  3. More Flexible because you can use some sub-tests and not others
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11
Q

There are 8 current trends in intelligence research (over the past 5-15 years). What are they?

A
  1. G(f) can be enhanced by training people’s working memory. (Jaeggi et al, 2008)
  2. Neural Basis of IQ suggests 2 factors (Fluid and Crystalised) Sternberg and Grigorenko, (2002)
  3. Search for IQ related genes has been fruitless. Accounts for
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12
Q

Emotional Intelligence is thought to be a combination of 4 factors. What are they?

A
  1. Recognising emotions in others
  2. Regulating emotions
  3. Majority answers in an expert sample (Psychologists)
  4. Had been found to be useful especially for org. psychs for predicting performance in some domains
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13
Q

The MSCEIT has been designed as a measure of…

A

Emotional Intelligence

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14
Q

Describe 4 stages of the development of the WAIS

A
  1. WAIS - 1955 - Verbal and Performance
  2. WAIS -R - 1981 - Verbal and Performance
  3. WAIS-III - 1997 - FSIQ, Verbal IQ and Perceptual IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organisation, Working Memory and Processing Speed
  4. WAIS-IV - 2008 - FSIQ, VCI, WMI, PSI and PRI
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15
Q

What is the age range that the WAIS can be used for?

A

16 years - 90years and 11 months

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16
Q

How many subtests and supplemental tests are there for the WAIS?

A

10 Subtests and 5 supplemental tests (3 only ages 16-69:11 months)

17
Q

The WAIS was standardised on how many people?

A

2,200

18
Q

How many people per age band was the WAIS standardised on for 16-69 year olds?

A

200

19
Q

How many people per age band was the WAIS standardised on for 70-90 year olds?

A

100

20
Q

The WAIS has been stratified on 4 areas. What are they?

A
  1. Sex
  2. Education
  3. Ethnicity
  4. Region
21
Q

Describe the Matrix Reasoning Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

The examinee views and incomplete matrix or series and selects the response option that completes the matrix or series

22
Q

Describe the Vocabulary Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

For picture items, the examinee names the object presented visually. For verbal items, the examinee defines the words that are presented visually and orally.

23
Q

Describe the Symbol Search Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

Working within a specified time-limit, the examinee scans a search group and indicates whether one of the symbols in the target group matches

24
Q

Describe the Visual Puzzles Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

Working within a specific time-frame, the examinee views a completed puzzle and selects three response options that, when combined, reconstruct the puzzle

25
Q

Describe the Coding Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

Within a specific time-limit and using a key, the examinee copies symbols that are paired with numbers.

26
Q

Describe the Letter-Number Sequencing Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

The examinee is read a sequence of numbers and letters and recalls the numbers in ascending order and the letters in alphabetical order

27
Q

Describe the Figure Weights Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

Working within a specific time-limit, the examinee views a scale with missing weight(s) and selects the response option that keeps the scale balanced

28
Q

Describe the Cancellation Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

Working within a specified time-limit, the examinee scans a structured arrangement of shapes and marks target shapes

29
Q

Describe the Picture Completion Sub-Test of the WAIS

A

Working within a specific time-limit, the examinee views a picture with an important component missing and identifies the missing part.

30
Q

Name 5 Applications for the WAIS

A
  1. Psychoeducational (School planning, identifying giftedness, learning disabilities)
  2. Selection and Talent Identification (Organisational)
  3. Differential Diagnosis of neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders affecting cognition
  4. Diagnosis in Intellectual Disability
  5. Targeting of Interventions and treatments
31
Q

What are 3 responsibilities of administering the WAIS?

A
  1. Users must have training
  2. Users must safeguard the materials.
  3. No copying
32
Q

The MSCEIT correlates with 6 other tests to varying degrees. What are the other tests and what is their correlation with the MSCEIT?

A 
Army Alpha .36
Verbal SAT .35
16PF Scale B .34
WAIS-III .15
College GPA .14
Raven's .05
33
Q

Thurstone throught there were 7 aspects of intelligence. What are they?

A
  1. Spatial Ability
  2. Perceptual Speed
  3. Inductive Reasoning
  4. Numerical Ability
  5. Word Fluency
  6. Memory
  7. Verbal Comprehension
34
Q

Sternberg believed we have 3 aspects of intelligence. They are;

A
  1. Pracitcal
  2. Analytical
  3. Creative
35
Q

Sternberg discussed 5 types of creativity. They are;

A
  1. Expertise
  2. Adventurous Personality
  3. Imaginative Thinking
  4. Intrinsic Motivation
  5. Creative Environment

PSYC4022 Testing and Assessment (10 decks)

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