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PSYC2_CH 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

membrane

A

[‘mɛmbren]

n. 膜；薄膜；羊皮纸

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2
Q

lipid

A

[‘laɪpɪd]

n. [生化] 脂质；油脂

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3
Q

nucleus

A

[‘nuklɪəs]
n. 核，核心；原子核
[ 复数 nucleuses或nuclei ]

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4
Q

mitochondria

A

[ˌmaɪto’kɑndrɪr]

n. 线粒体（mitochondrion的复数）

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5
Q

metabolic

A

[,mɛtə’bɑlɪk]

adj. 变化的；新陈代谢的

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6
Q

ribosome

A

[‘raɪbəsom]

n. [细胞][生化] 核糖体；[生化] 核蛋白体

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7
Q

molecule

A

[‘mɑlɪkjul]

n. [化学] 分子；微小颗粒，微粒

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8
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

[细胞] 内质网

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9
Q

synthesize

A

[‘sɪnθəsaɪz]
vt. 合成；综合
vi. 合成；综合
[ 过去式 synthesized 过去分词 synthesized 现在分词 synthesizing ]

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10
Q

transmit

A

[træns’mɪt]
vt. 传输；传播；发射；传达；遗传
vi. 传输；发射信号
[ 过去式 transmitted 过去分词 transmitted 现在分词 transmitting ]

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11
Q

glia

A

[‘glaɪə]

n. 神经胶质（等于neuroglia）

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12
Q

neuroanatomy

A

[,njʊroə’nætəmi]
n. 神经解剖学
[ 复数 neuroanatomies ]

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13
Q

soma

A

[‘somə]
n. 体细胞；躯体；身体
n. (Soma)人名；(意、西、刚(金)、斯里、阿富、布基)索马
[ 复数 somas或somata ]

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14
Q

excitation

A

[,ɛksaɪ’teʃən]

n. 激发，刺激；激励；激动

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15
Q

axon

A

[‘æksɑn]

n. 轴索，[解剖] 轴突（神经细胞）
n. (Axon)人名；(英)阿克森

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16
Q

gland

A

[ɡlænd]
n. 腺
密封压盖

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17
Q

distinctive

A

[dɪ’stɪŋktɪv]

adj. 有特色的，与众不同的

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18
Q

presynaptic terminal

A

突触前末梢

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19
Q

dendrite

A

[‘dɛn’draɪt]

n. （神经的）[解剖] 树突；树枝石；模树石

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20
Q

fiber

A

[‘faɪbɚ]

n. 纤维；光纤（等于fibre）
n. (Fiber)人名；(匈)菲贝尔

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21
Q

dendritic spine

A

树突刺；[解剖] 树突棘

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22
Q

insulate

A

[‘ɪnsəlet]
vt. 隔离，使孤立；使绝缘，使隔热
[ 过去式 insulated 过去分词 insulated 现在分词 insulating ]

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23
Q

myelin sheath

A

[解剖] 髓鞘

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24
Q

nodes of Ranvier

A

兰氏结

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25
Q

axon hillock

A

轴丘；轴突丘；轴索丘

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26
Q

bulge

A 
[bʌldʒ] 
n. 胀；膨胀；凸出部分
vt. 使膨胀；使凸起
vi. 膨胀；凸出
[ 过去式 bulged 过去分词 bulged 现在分词 bulging ]
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27
Q

neurotransmitter

A

[‘nʊrotrænzmɪtɚ]

n. [生理] 神经递质；[生理] 神经传递素

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28
Q

synapse

A

[‘saɪnæps]
n. 突触
[ 过去式 synapsed 过去分词 synapsed 现在分词 synapsing ]

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29
Q

postsynaptic neuron

A

突触后神经元

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30
Q

motor neuron

A

运动神经元

31
Q

perimeter

A

[pə’rɪmɪtɚ]

n. 周长；周界；[眼科] 视野计

32
Q

afferent axon

A

传入神经轴突

33
Q

efferent axon

A

传出神经轴突

34
Q

interneuron

A

[,ɪntɚ’njʊrɑn]

n. [解剖] 中间神经原（等于internuncial neuron，介于神经中枢之间的神经原）

35
Q

intrinsic

A

[ɪn’trɪnsɪk]

adj. 本质的，固有的

36
Q

astrocyte

A

[‘æstrə,saɪt]

n. [解剖] 星形胶质细胞；星细胞

37
Q

synchronize

A

[‘sɪŋkrənaɪz]
vt. 使……合拍；使……同步
vi. 同步；同时发生
[ 过去式 synchronized 过去分词 synchronized 现在分词 synchronizing ]

38
Q

wrap

A 
[ræp] 
vt. 包；缠绕；隐藏；掩护
vi. 包起来；缠绕；穿外衣
n. 外套；围巾
[ 过去式 wrapped 或 wrapt 过去分词 wrapped 或 wrapt 现在分词 wrapping ]
39
Q

microglia

A

[mai’krɔɡlaiə]

n. [组织] 小神经胶质；小神经胶质细胞；格子细胞

40
Q

microorganism

A

[,maɪkro’ɔrgən,ɪzəm]

n. [微] 微生物；微小动植物

41
Q

Oligodendrocyte

A

[ə,lɪɡo’dɛndrəsaɪt]

n. 少突细胞

42
Q

Schwann cell

A

许旺细胞

43
Q

Radial glia

A

放射状胶质细胞

44
Q

embryonic

A

[,ɛmbrɪ’ɑnɪk]

adj. [胚] 胚胎的；似胚胎的

45
Q

resting potential

A

休止电位；[生理] 静态电位

46
Q

polarization

A

[,polərɪ’zeʃən]

n. 极化；偏振；两极分化

47
Q

gradient

A

[‘ɡredɪənt]

n. [数][物] 梯度；坡度；倾斜度
adj. 倾斜的；步行的

48
Q

sodium

A

[‘sodɪəm]

n. [化学] 钠（11号元素，符号 Na）

49
Q

potassium

A

[pə’tæsɪəm]

n. [化学] 钾

50
Q

absence

A

[‘æbsns]

n. 没有；缺乏；缺席；不注意

51
Q

permeability

A

[,pɝmɪə’bɪləti]

n. 渗透性；透磁率，导磁系数；弥漫

52
Q

channel

A

[‘tʃænl]

vt. 引导，开导；形成河道
n. 通道；频道；海峡

53
Q

pump

A

[pʌmp]

vt. 打气；用抽水机抽…
n. 泵，抽水机；打气筒
vi. 抽水
n. (Pump)人名；(捷)蓬普；(英)庞普

54
Q

hyperpolarization

A

[‘haɪpə,polərɪ’zeʃən]

n. [生理] 超极化，过极化

55
Q

depolarization

A

[‘di,polərɪ’zeʃən]

n. 去极；去偏极

56
Q

voltage

A

[‘voltɪdʒ]

n. [电] 电压

57
Q

subsequent

A

[‘sʌbsɪkwənt]

adj. 后来的，随后的

58
Q

scorpion venom

A

蝎毒

59
Q

local anesthetic drug

A

局麻药
[,ænɪs’θɛtɪk]
adj. 麻醉的；感觉缺失的
n. 麻醉剂，麻药

60
Q

novacain

A

[‘nəuvəkein]

n. （拉）奴佛卡因（局部麻醉剂）

61
Q

propagation

A

[,prɑpə’geʃən]

n. 传播；繁殖；增殖

62
Q

unmyelinated

A

[,ʌn’maiəlineitid]

adj. 无髓鞘的

63
Q

segment

A

[‘sɛɡmənt]

vi. 分割
n. 段；部分
vt. 分割

64
Q

saltatory conduction

A

[生理] 跳跃式传导

65
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

[内科] 多发性硬化

66
Q

coordination

A

[ko,ɔrdɪ’neʃən]

n. 协调，调和；对等，同等

67
Q

velocity

A

[və’lɑsəti]

n. 速率，速度；周转率；迅速；高速，快速

68
Q

intensity

A

[ɪn’tɛnsəti]
n. 强度；强烈；[电子] 亮度；紧张
[ 复数 intensities ]

69
Q

initiate

A 
[ɪ'nɪʃɪet] 
vt. 开始，创始；发起；使初步了解
n. 开始；新加入者，接受初步知识者
adj. 新加入的；接受初步知识的
[ 过去式 initiated 过去分词 initiated 现在分词 initiating ]
70
Q

refractory period

A

[生理] 不应期

71
Q

lengthy

A

[‘lɛŋθi]
adj. 漫长的，冗长的；啰唆的
[ 比较级 lengthier 最高级 lengthiest ]

72
Q

vary

A 
[´vεrrɪ] 
vi. 变化；变异；违反
vt. 改变；使多样化；变奏
n. (Vary)人名；(英、法、罗、柬)瓦里
[ 过去式 varied 过去分词 varied 现在分词 varying ]
73
Q

depolarize

A

[di’polə,raɪz]
vt. 去偏光；去偏极
[ 过去式 depolarized 过去分词 depolarized 现在分词 depolarizing ]

74
Q

hyperpolarize

A

[,haɪpə’pəʊləraɪz]
v. 超极化
[ 过去式 hyperpolarized 过去分词 hyperpolarized 现在分词 hyperpolarizing ]

Psych 2 (9 decks)

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