PSYC102 - 13 Flashcards
How many children with mental disorders receive treatment and what disorder is most commonly treated?
50%, ADHD most likely, anxiety least likely
How were mental illnesses previously treated?
Believed to be caused by possession, witchcraft…
Treated by trephining (hole in scull to release spirit), exorcisms
Who was Philippe Pinel?
Argued for patients to be unchained and talked to in asylums, created La Salpetriere in 1795
What did Dorethea Dix do?
Focused on mental health reforms in 19th century
What percent of homeless adults in shelters experience mental illness?
26%
Psychotherapy vs biomedical therapy
Psychotherapy - psychological treatment employing methods to help overcome personal problems
Biomedical - involves medication/medical procedures
Psychodynamic psychotherapy/Psychoanalysis
Developed by Freud, takes years
Free association
Patient relaxes and says what comes to mind, used in psychoanalysis
Define transference
Patient transfers +/- emotions with relationships to psychoanalyst
Define Play Theory
Used with children to play out their hopes/traumas while using toyes
Non-directive vs Directive play theory
Non-directive - children encouraged to play freely
Directive - Therapist provides structure in play session
Define Behaviour theory
Change undesirable behaviour by teaching constructive behaviours using operant/classical conditioning
Define Counterconditioning and its types
Client learns new response to stimulus that has previously elicited undersidable behaviour
Aversive conditioning and exposure therapy
Define Aversive conditioning
Uses unpleasant stimulus to stop undersirable behaviour
Used to eliminate addictive behaviours
Define exposure therapy
Treat fear/anxiety by presenting situation to make patient get used to stimulus
First used in 1925 by Mary Cover Jones with Peter and rabbits
Systemic desensitization and VR exposure therapy
Define Systemic desensitization
Type of exposure therapy where calm state is gradually associated with increased levels of anxiety inducing stimuli
Define Applied behaviour analysis
Type of operant conditioning in behaviour therapy that uses child specific reinforcers as a reward for autistic children, with punishment such as timeout to discourage behaviours
Define token economy
Type of operant conditioning in behaviour therapy using a controlled setting where individuals are reinforced with tokens that can be exchanged for items and privileges
Define Cognitive therapy
Focuses on how thoughts lead to feelings of distress, how you think determines how you feel and act
Developed by Aaron Beck in 1960s
Define Cognitive Behavioural therapy
Rational emotive therapy (RET), ABC model
What is RET?
Developed by Albert Ellis, examines how thoughts affects behaviour
Change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviours
Define Cognitive distortions
All-or-nothing thinking, overgeneralization, jumping to conclusions
What is the ABC model?
Actions, Belief (about event), Consequences (of this belief)
What is the humanistic theory
Help to achieve full potential and accept oneself
Client centered therapy: non-directive therapy
