Psyc10 Flashcards
Depressants: -Intoxication -Withdrawal
Nonspecific signs of Depressant intoxication.
Mood elevation DEcreased anxiety Sedation Behavioral disinhibition Respiratory depression
Nonspecific signs of Depressant withdrawal.
Anxiety
Tremor
Seizures
Insomnia
What are the classes of Depressants.
Alcohol
Opioids
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
What are the signs of Alcohol intoxication?
Emotional lability Slurred speech Ataxia Coma Blackouts
What are the lab findings associated with alcohol intoxication?
Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)
-sensitive indicator of alcohol use
Lab AST value twice that of ALT
What is the treatment for Delirium Tremens?
Benzodiazepines
What are the signs of Opioid intoxication?
Euphoria Respiratory & CNS depression DEcreased Gag reflex Pupillary constriction - "Pinpoint pupils" Seizures (Overdose)
What is the treatment for Opioid intoxication?
Naloxone
Naltrexone
What are the signs of Opioid withdrawal?
Sweating
Dilated pupils
Piloerection ("cold turkey)
Fever
Rhinorrhea
Yawning
Nausea/Diarrhea ("flu-like sxs)What is the treatment for Opiod withdrawal?
Long-term support
Methadone
Buprenorphine
What are the signs for Barbituate intoxication?
Low safety margin
Marked respiratory depression
What is the treatment for barbituate intoxication?
Symptom management:
- Assist respiration
- INcreased BP
What are the signs of Barbituate withdrawals?
Delirium
Life-Threatening Cardiovascular collapse
What are the sings of Benzodiazepine intoxication?
Greater safety margin
Ataxia
Minor respiratory depression
What is the treatment for Benzodiazepine intoxication?
Flumazenil (GABA antagonist)
What are the withdrawal symptoms of Benzodiazepines?
Sleep disturbance
Depression
Rebound anxiety
Seizure (severe)
What depressant has a synergistic with alcohol?
Benzodiazepines
What conditions are Heroin addicts at an increased risk of?
Hapatitis Abscesses Overdose Hemorrhoids AIDS RIGHT-SIDED Endocarditis
What is the triad for Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
*AKA - Wernicke’s encephalopathy”
Confusion
Opthalmoplegia
Ataxia
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome caused by?
Thiamine deficiency
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome associated with?
Periventricular hemorrhage
Necrosis of MAMILLARY bodies
Cardiomyopathies
What is mallory-weiss syndrome?
Longitudinal lacerations at the agastroesophageal junction caused by excessive vomiting
often presents with hematesmesis
T/F - Mallow-Weiss tears are painful.
True
Esophageal varices - NO PAIN
When is the onset of Delirium Tremens?
2-5 days after last drink
How do you treat DTs?
Benzodiazepines
