PSYC-2400 Flashcards

1
Q

Feminine stereotype

A

Expressiveness

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2
Q

Latina women

A

Have traditionally faced an ideal of femininity that glorified motherhood, subservience, and long-suffering endurance.

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3
Q

Peck and Chodorow disagree with Freud on:

A

Girls encounter more difficulties than boys in forming a proper gender identification.

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4
Q

“Females are superior to males on verbal tasks”

A

Alpha bias

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5
Q

Bias in formulating a research question

A

Maternal deprivation and paternal work patterns.

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6
Q

“Achievement” defined in terms of promotions at work

A

Androcengric norms

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7
Q

Transsexualism

A

Unknown cause.

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8
Q

Testosterone

A

Delinquency, drug use and winning the lottery.

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9
Q

Selection bias

A

Participants were self-selected for motivation and interest.

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10
Q

Factors which produce small performance differences in males and females on cognitive tasks

A

Motivation, self-confidence, gender-role socialization.

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11
Q

Menarche

A

First onset of menstruation.

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12
Q

Couvade syndrome

A

Physical symptoms developed for emotional reasons by expectant fathers.

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13
Q

Mid-life crisis

A

Loss of future

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14
Q

There is no differences between male and female performance on tests of general intelligence

A

IQ tests designed to eliminate differences between males and females.

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15
Q

First eight weeks of fetal development

A

Genitalia are identical but can still develop into male or female genitalia.

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16
Q

Children learn gender roles through external rewards and punishments, mature and internal rewards and punishments

A

Social cognitive Theory.

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17
Q

P

A

The probability of findings being an accident is less than 5%, and is therefore statistically significant.

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18
Q

Schema

A

Interpret information by relating it to something you already believe is true, ignore information that does not conform.

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19
Q

Narrative approach

A

Interviewed subject gives information, interviewer gives interpretation, records subjects reaction to interpretation.

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20
Q

Interpersonal behaviour circle

A
Hostile - loving
Active | passive
Masculine
Androgynous
Feminine
21
Q

Sexual orientation: nature or nurture

A

Exposure to certain hormones during early development, not significantly higher. Likely genetic and social. Sexual orientation not all or nothing.

22
Q

Menopause

A

Can be frightened into believing it is bad, but women who have experienced it feel good about it.

23
Q

All data on sex differences is

A

Correlational data

24
Q

Small difference in mean scores on male/female characteristics

A

Large difference at the extremes of the characteristic or behaviour.

25
Observer bias
Exaggeration of small differences and selective perception based on existing cognitive categories
26
Female orgasm
Has greater variation in intensity and duration.
27
Gender roles contribute to gender differences in health patterns
Women are more expressive and value intimacy, gender roles differ in risk taking.
28
Gender differences in depression
First become noticeable in adolescence, show in general that women are more likely than men to experience serious depressions.
29
Eating disorders
90% women
30
Behaviour therapy vs cognitive behaviour therapy
Very similar, thoughts are focus, behaviours and emotions result of thoughts.
31
Refractory period
Amount of time between resolution phase and being stimulated again in men.
32
Agoraphobia
Psychological disorder, inability to feel safe outside comfort zone. More common in women.
33
Surrogate-therapist team
Becoming sexually comfortable with another person.
34
Gender stereotyping of physique on tv
Has been shown to make viewers less satisfied with their own physique, compared to nonsexist ads.
35
Boys friendships provide
Support of defiance of authority and assertion of independence.
36
Developing a sense of identity
A sense of self in relation to others and a sense of separateness and individual purpose.
37
Male bonding
Males report more same sex friendships than women.
38
Loneliness
Internal attributations for loneliness made by males, loneliness as more related to a lack of social risk taking for males.
39
Male batterers
Three different types
40
Women achievement motivation
Achievement arousing instruction involve social skills
41
Personal resources
Leave influencer dependant on others
42
Men in female professions
Sexual orientation questioned, promoted to senior positions.
43
Men treat women protectively, argue they both contribute equally
Benevolent sexism
44
Participation of women in professions traditionally dominated by men
Nearly half of all law students are now women.
45
Women violent towards spouses
Are being treated violently by those spouses.
46
Racial salience
One of the four dimensions of racial identity. At any given time, identify with their race more of less.
47
Reactance
Person enjoys freedoms, believes those freedoms will be taken away. Men positions of power, women require subtle manipulation.
48
Women's fear of success
Horner theorized successful females outside the home unfeminine. In fact, more likely fear is caused by stereotypical innapropriateness of the situation, not necessarily fear of success.