PSYC 122

Question 1

6 sense organs

Answer 1

Ears
Eyes
Nose
Tounge
Organs
skin

Question 2

Sensitivity

Answer 2

How well you can establish when the stimuli is present or absent

Question 2

Psychophysics

Answer 2

the relationship between the physical world and the psychological world

Question 3

Repsonse Bias

Answer 3

When presented with the same stimuli different particpants may repsond differently because they have different perceptual sensitvity, because they are more or less bias in repsonding to the task

Question 4

Signal detection theory

Answer 4

allows us to seperate sensitivity and response bias

Question 5

Dark adaptation

Answer 5

you can see in the dark after being in the dark for a while as cones become more sensitive

Question 6

Fovea

Answer 6

the point where we are focusing at any given time, the point where out vission is the best

Question 7

Whata are the two types of photoreceptors

Answer 7

Rods and Cones

Question 8

What are rods

Answer 8

• mostly in your peripheral
• good in dim light because they are sensitive
• lowesy resolution

Question 9

What are cones

Answer 9

• centered in the middle (foeva)
• tighly packed together in the middle
• respond to differentl wavelengths
  not as sensitive

Question 10

Types of cones

Answer 10

most sensitive at short wavelengths (blue)

most sensitive at medium wavelengths (green)

most sensitive at long wavelengths (red)

Question 11

Types of colourblindess

Answer 11

monochromat - only has one type of cone
dichromat - has two types of cones

Question 12

Selective attention

Answer 12

we are not processing everything we have limited attentional capacity

Question 13

Bottom up processing

Answer 13

taking the information you can see and processing it to udnerstand

Question 14

Top Down processing

Answer 14

you have searched through the information and already found it (an effortless process)

Question 15

Change Blidness

Answer 15

• obvious ocne you attention is directed
• door study Simons and Levin
• shows you pay more attention to people in your own social group

Question 16

Feature Integration theory

Answer 16

Searching for one feature can be done automatically
Searching for a combination of features requires controlled attention

Question 17

Broadbents filter theory

Answer 17

his theory suggests that our attention acts like a filter, allowing only a limited amount of information to pass through for further processing. This is because our cognitive resources are limited, and we can’t fully attend to all sensory input at once

Question 18

Treisman’s attenuation mode

Answer 18

theory of selective attention, we don’t completely block out unattended information, but rather turn down its intensisty

Question 19

Load theory

Answer 19

how hard it is to process the information

Question 20

Late selection

Answer 20

all incoming sensory information is processed reagrdless of wheather it is intended or not

Question 21

Trichromatic theory

Answer 21

theory of colour vision suggests that our eyes have three types of colour receptors (red,green and blue)

Question 22

LGN (Lateral Geniculate Nucleus)

Answer 22

• Receives visual information from the retina.
• Performs initial processing of visual signals before sending them to the visual cortex.
• Organizes visual information based on different features like color, motion, and depth.

Question 23

Binocular cues meaning

Answer 23

Depth perception cues that rely on both eyes

Question 24

Types of Binocular cues

Answer 24

Retinal Disparity
Convergence

Question 25

Retinal Disparity

Answer 25

• is the slight difference between the images that each eye perceives due to the different angles from which each eye views the world
• The greater the disparity between the images, the closer the object is perceived to be.

Question 26

Convergence

Answer 26

refers to the inward movement of the eyes as they focus on a nearby object. It’s a crucial part of binocular vision, which allows us to perceive depth and see objects in three dimensions

Question 27

Monocular cues

Answer 27

are depth perception cues that can be perceived with just one eye. They provide valuable information about the distance and spatial relationships of objects in our environment.

Question 28

Types of monocular cues

Answer 28

Relative size: Larger objects are perceived as closer than smaller objects of the same type.
Occlusion: Objects that block the view of other objects are perceived as closer.

Linear perspective: Parallel lines appear to converge in the distance.

Texture gradient: The texture of surfaces becomes finer as the distance increases.

Aerial perspective: Objects in the distance appear hazier or bluer due to the atmosphere.

Light and shadow: Shadows can indicate the shape and depth of objects.

Motion parallax: When moving, closer objects appear to move faster than farther objects.

Question 29

Motion Parallax

Answer 29

If you are a passenger on a car and you fixate on the object everything that is further away than the object will look like its moving with you but things that are closer than your fixation point will be going past quickly

Question 30

bottom up attention

Answer 30

involuntary (this just happens)
stimulus driven attention
uses salience

Question 31

what is salience

Answer 31

things that stand out from the background in some way

Question 32

top down attention

Answer 32

voluntary, goal driven