PSM-I Flashcards
Every event in scrum is an opportunity to do what?
Inspect and adapt.
During a sprint, who is responsible for managing the progress of work?
developers
Who is required to attend the daily scrum?
Developers. Only the people doing the work described in the Sprint Backlog need to inspect and adapt in the daily scrum.
When does a sprint conclude?
When the Sprint Retrospective is complete.
What are the four time-boxed events in a sprint?
sprint planning (8 hrs max), daily scrum (15 min max), sprint review (4 hrs max), and sprint retrospective (3 hrs max)
What happens in the daily scrum?
Developers inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary.
The timebox for the Sprint Review is:
4 hrs for a monthly Sprint. For shorter sprints, it is usually shorter.
The Product Backlog is ordered by:
Whatever is deemed appropriate by the Product Owner.
What is the Product Backlog?
The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product.
What is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team?
The Product Backlog
Who is accountable for effective Product Backlog management?
The Product Owner
What should the Developers do if the CEO asks them to add a “very important” item to a Sprint that is in progress?
The Developers should discuss with the other members of the Scrum Team so that team can decide what to do.
What external positions to the Scrum Team can force changes on the Developers?
No one.
When should a Developer on a Scrum Team be replaced?
As needed, while taking into account a short-term reduction in productivity.
What effect does changing membership on a Scrum Team have?
Changing Scrum Team members typically reduces cohesion, affecting performance and productivity in the short term.
True or False: Scrum Teams typically go through some steps before achieving a state of increased performance.
True
True or False: The items selected for a Sprint have been selected as most valuable with the Product Owner during Sprint Planning.
True
What items serve the Sprint’s goal?
The items selected with the Product Owner as most valuable (during Sprint Planning).
True or False: Executive-level managers are the only people external to the Scrum Team who can force changes on the Developers.
False.
No one external to the Scrum Team can force changes on the Developers.
True or False: The product Increment must be released to production at the end of each Sprint.
False
“Must” or “should” the product Increment be usable at the end of every Sprint?
Should.
The product Increment should be usable at the end of every Sprint.
Should the product Increment be valuable, releasable, or usable at the end of each Sprint?
Usable.
The Product Increment should be usable at the end of every Sprint.
Give a simple statement that describes Scrum.
Scrum is a lightweight framework that helps people, teams, and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.
Who is required to attend the Daily Scrum?
The Developers.
Only the people doing the work described in the Sprint Backlog need to inspect and adapt at the Daily Scrum. The PO or SM need to be at the Daily Scrum if they are actively working on Sprint Backlog items (i.e. participating as Developers).
True or False: Only those doing the work described in the Sprint Backlog need to attend the Daily Scrum.
True.
Who should know the most about the progress toward a business objective or a release, and be able to explain the alternatives most clearly?
The Product Owner.
How many accountabilities does the Product Owner have, and what are they?
The PO has four accountabilities:
1. Developing and communicating the Product Goal
2. Creating and communicating Product Backlog items.
3. Ordering and Product Backlog.
4. Ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent, visible, and understood.
How many accountabilities does the Product Owner have, and what are they?
The PO has four accountabilities:
1. Developing and communicating the Product Goal
2. Creating and communicating Product Backlog items.
3. Ordering and Product Backlog.
4. Ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent, visible, and understood.
Who is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team?
The Product Owner.
True or False: The Product Owner is accountable for ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent, valuable, and understood.
False.
The PO is accountable (1 of their 4 accountabilities) for ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent, visible, and understood.
An organization has decided to adopt Scrum, but management wants to change the terminology to fit with the terminology already used. What will likely happen if this is done?
(choose the best answer)
A. Without a new vocabulary as a reminder of change, very little change may actually happen.
B. The organization may not understand what has changed with Scrum and the benefits of Scrum may be lost.
C. Management may feel less anxious.
D. All of the above.
D. All of the above.
Why is the Daily Scrum held at the same time and place?
The consistency reduces complexity.
When does a Developer become accountable for the value of a Product Backlog item selected for the Sprint?
Never.
The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.
Who is accountable for creating value every Sprint?
The entire Scrum Team.
Is it true that the Developers are accountable for creating value for every Sprint?
Not entirely.
All members of the Scrum Team share in accountability for creating value every Sprint.
What is the timebox for the Sprint Planning event?
8 hrs for a month-long Sprint. For shorter Sprints , the event is usually shorter.
True or False: The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.
False.
The Developers modify the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint.
True or False: As a decomposition of the selected Product Backlog items, the Sprint Backlog changes and may grow as work emerges.
True.
True or False: the Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact.
True.
True or False: the Product Owner can help clarify or optimize the Sprint when asked by Developers.
True.
While the Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact, they can request help.
True or False: The Developers may work with the Product Owner during the Sprint to add or remove work from the Sprint Backlog.
True.
The Developers may work with the PO to add or remove work if they find themselves with more or less capacity than expected.
True or False: The Sprint Backlog is a decomposition of selected Product Backlog items.
True.
When does a Developer become the sole owner of an item in the Sprint Backlog?
Never.
All items in the Sprint Backlog are “owned” by the Developers on the Scrum Team.
Who updates the Sprint Backlog during the Sprint?
The Developers
Why can’t an individual Developer claim ownership over a Sprint Backlog item?
It would block communication and collaboration. The set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint is collectively owned by the Developers.
What position or role is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint?
The entire Scrum Team, rather than a specific member, is accountable for creating a valuable and useful Increment every Sprint.
What are the three pillars of Scrum?
Transparency, Inspection, and Adaptation.
What are the two main principles that Scrum is founded on?
Empiricism and lean thinking.
What is the relationship between Scrum’s principles of empiricism and lean thinking and the three pillars of Scrum?
The three pillars of Scrum (transparency, inspection, and adaptation) uphold empiricism and lean thinking.
Empiricism is one of the two main principles of Scrum. What is a simple description of empiricism?
Knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known.
True or False: Scrum is a framework for developing and sustaining complex products.
True
How many events are described in the Scrum Guide, and what are they?
There are five events described in the Scrum Guide:
-sprint
-sprint planning
-daily scrum
-sprint review
-sprint retrospective.
True or False: Scrum is like traditional processes but with self-organization to replace a Project Manager.
False.
Project Managers are not simply replaced by self-managing teams. Scrum is a framework for optimizing decision making based on the knowledge and experience of the entire team.
What does Scrum call a usable, completed piece of product, built in an iteration or less, that adds potential value and moves the product closer to the goals?
increment of value
As one of the two foundations of Scrum, what does lean thinking do?
Lean thinking reduces waste and focuses on the essentials.
Ideally, what does scrum aim to turn Product Backlog items into?
Increments of value.
What is the purpose of the Daily Scrum?
To inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary, adjusting the upcoming planned work.
Which Scrum events are time-boxed?
All Scrum events are time-boxed: Sprint, Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, Sprint Retrospective
When does a new Sprint begin?
Immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
What is the Product Backlog?
An emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product.
It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum team.
What is Product Backlog refinement?
Breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller and more precise items.
At what point is Product Backlog refinement worked on?
It is an ongoing activity.
What are the artifacts in Scrum?
There are three Scrum artifacts:
- Product Backlog
- Spring Backlog
- Increment
What do the three artifacts in Scrum (product backlog, sprint backlog, and increment) represent?
The three scrum artifacts (product backlog, sprint backlog, and increment) represent work or value.
Each of the three Scrum artifacts contains a commitment to ensure it provides information that enhances transparency and focus against which progress can be measured. What is the commitment for each artifact?
- For the Product Backlog, it is the Product Goal.
- For the Sprint Backlog, it is the Sprint Goal.
- For the Increment, it is the Definition of Done.
What is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team?
The Product Backlog.
How do Product Backlog items acquire the needed degree of transparency to be ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event?
Product Backlog Refinement. this act of breaking down and further defining the PB items gives them the necessary degree of transparency to be ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event.
In Scrum, who instills quality by adhering to a Definition of Done?
The Developers.
What is considered the “heartbeat of Scrum”?
The Sprint
Who has the authority to cancel a Sprint?
Only the Product Owner.
When could a Sprint be cancelled?
If the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete.
Who creates the Definition of Done?
If it is not an organizational standard, the Scrum Team must create a Definition of Done appropriate for the Product.
Who tells the Developers how to decompose Product Backlog items into smaller work items of one day or less?
The decomposition of the PB items is done at the sole discretion of the Developers. No one else tells them how to turn PB items into increments of value.
May an Increment be delivered to stakeholders prior to the end of the Sprint?
Yes.
Although the sum of the Increments is presented at the Sprint Review, an Increment may be delivered before the end of the Sprint.
What is the Definition of Done?
The DoD is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product.
What happens when a Product Backlog item meets the Definition of Done?
An Increment is born.
How is the Definition of Done decided on if there are multiple Scrum Teams working together on a product?
They must mutually define and comply with the same DoD.
What should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?
Create a valuable and useful Increment.
This applies to every Sprint.
What is the function or purpose of Management in Scrum?
While Management has no official role in Scrum, however:
- Support the PO with insights and information into high value product and system capabilities.
- Support the SM to encourage organizational change that fosters empiricism, self-management, bottom-up intelligence, and intelligent product delivery.
A Scrum Team consists of:
One Product Owner,
One Scrum Master,
and Developers.
True or False: The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a valuable and useful increment of a usable product.
True.
During a Sprint, a Developer determines that the Scrum Team will not be able to complete the items in their forecast. Who should be present to review and adjust the Product Backlog items selected?
The Product Owner and the Developers.
During the Sprint, scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between ____?____ and ___?____ as more is learned.
During the Sprint, scope may be clarified and renegotiated between the Product Owner and the Developers as more is learned.
What service(s) or task(s) is/are appropriate for a Scrum Master in regard to the Daily Scrum?
The Scrum Master ensures:
- that the Developers have the event.
- to keep it within the 15-minute timebox.
- Enforces the rule that only Developers participate.
What does it mean that an event has a timebox?
The event can take no more than a maximum amount of time.
Who has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog?
The Product Owner.
The PO is the sole person responsible for ordering the PB.
True or False: Scrum has a role called “project manager.”
False.
The length of a Sprint should be:
(choose the best answer)
A. Short enough to keep the business risk acceptable to the Product Owner.
B. Short enough to be able to synchronize the development work with other business events.
C. One month or less.
D. All of the above.
D. All of the above.
True or False: The Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact. These are conditions that foster creativity, quality, and productivity.
True
Who maximizes the value of the product and the work of the Scrum Team?
The Product Owner
True or False: The Developers modify the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint.
True
True or False: The Sprint Backlog makes visible all of the work that the Product Owner identifies as necessary to meet the Sprint Goal.
False.
The Sprint Backlog makes visible all of the work that the Developers identify as necessary to meet the Sprint Goal.
Who should know the most about the progress toward a business objective or a release, and be able to explain the alternatives most clearly?
The Product Owner
Describe the Sprint Review.
The Sprint Review is when the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and figure out what to do next.
How much work must the Developers complete for each Sprint?
Enough so that the Increment meets the Definition of Done.
What are two ways a Scrum Master serves to enable effective Scrum Teams?
(choose the best two answers)
A. By keeping high-value features high in the Product Backlog.
B. By starting and ending the meetings at the proper time.
C. By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team.
D. By facilitating Developer decision-making.
C. By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team.
AND
D. By facilitating Developer decision-making.
Facilitation and removing impediments are ways the SM helps a team be more effective.
What is the timebox for the Sprint Retrospective?
Three hours (for a one-month Sprint).
What is the typical size for a Scrum Team?
10 or fewer.
True or False: The Scrum Team must choose at least one high-priority process improvement item during the Spring Retrospective and put it in the Sprint Backlog.
False.
Not required. However, this practice can still be valuable.
What is the purpose of the Sprint Retrospective?
To increase quality and effectiveness.
What happens during the Sprint Retrospective?
The Scrum Team inspects how the last Sprint went with regard to individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done.
What is the Definition of Done?
A formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets quality measures required for the product.
Who creates the Definition of Done?
If the organization does not have it as an organizational standard, the Scrum Team must create a DoD for the product.
How is the Definition of Done different from acceptance criteria?
The DoD is a shared standard across the Scrum Team, the commitment to the Increment–like a “litmus test” for done for any PBI and is general for all backlog items.
Acceptance criteria are specific conditions a particular user story or PBI must meet to be accepted by the PO. Acceptance criteria are not integral to Scum but rather complimentary to Scrum.
