pseudomonads: gram negative rods Flashcards
pseudomonads are oxidase __.
positive
enterobacteriae are oxidase negative
pseudomonas aeruginosa: character
oxidase positive non-lactose, non-glucose fermenter gram negative rods
motile, aerobic growth only; does not compete well with normal flora
pseudomonas aeruginosa: culture
centrimide agar (selective medium)
pseudomonas aeruginosa: virulence factors
produces slime/biofilm
pseudomonas aeruginosa: clinical presentations
primarily a nosocomial pathogen; colonises hospitalised patients after clearance of normal flora by antibiotics:
- urinary tract infection
- pneumonia
- septicaemia
- gastrointestinal infections
- skin and soft tissue infections
community acquired infections:
- ear infections
- eye infections
- skin infections
pseudomonas aeruginosa: diagnosis
biocheical tests
pseudomonas aeruginosa: treatment
piperacillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, imipenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin
stenotrophomonas maltophilia: clinical presentations
nosocomial pathogen, always multi-resistant, even to carbapenems
strenotrophomonas maltophilia: treatment
co-trimoxazole, levofloxacin
burkholderia cepacia: clinical presentations
rare in healthy people, often emerges after prolonged anti-microbial treatment, or in cystic fibrosis patients, causing severe and terminal lung infections
burkholderia pseudomallei: character
endemic in southeast asia and northern australia, found in soil and surface waters especially during rainy seasons
burkholderia pseudomallei: culture
wrinkled colonies
burkholderia pseudomallei: transmission
direct inhalation, contact with superficial wounds (construction worker, farmers)
burkholderia pseudomallei: clinical presentations
melioidosis, pneumonia, septicaemia, multiple abscesses around the body
highly varied presentation: acute/subacute/chronic
burkholderia pseudomallei: diagnosis
culture
serology test for antibodies
