Pseudogout Flashcards
What is Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease?
microcrystal synovitis caused by deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the synovium.
What is Acute CPPD disease aka?
Pseudogout
What is the most common form of CPPD disease and what is the major risk factor for this?
Primary (idiopathic)
Age
Name 2 causes of secondary CPPD disease
Joint trauma/ damage
Metabolic disorders
List 4 metabolic disorders that can cause CPPD disease
Hyperparathyroidism
Haemochromatosis
Hypomagnesaemia
Hypophosphataemia
Which joints are most commonly affected in CPPD disease?
Knee
Wrist
How does acute CPPD disease present?
Acute onset pain + swelling in joint
Monoarthritis
Give 2 features of pseudogout that differ from acute gout
Longer duration of acute attacks (up to several months)
Possible systemic Sx
What are the 2 main phenotypes of chronic CPPD disease?
Osteoarthritis-like presentation
Rheumatoid arthritis-like presentation
What is the most accurate diagnostic method for acute CPPD disease?
Arthrocentesis + synovial fluid analysis
What is seen on synovial fluid analysis in acute CPPD disease?
Weakly-positively birefringent rhomboid-shaped crystals
What may be seen on x-ray of the knee in acute CPPD?
Chondrocalcinosis
seen as linear calcifications of the meniscus + articular cartilage
Describe management of CPPD-disease
Aspiration of joint fluid to r/o septic arthritis
NSAIDs or intra-articular, IM or oral steroids as for gout
