PSC 2019 Lecture 1

Question 1

How many cell types of Alveoli are there? And what do they do

Answer 1

Type 1: thin, enables gas exchange
Type 2: thicker, releases surfactant

Question 2

What is Bronchiectasis? What does it cause

Answer 2

Bronchiectasis is the enlargement of the airways and leads to the blocking of the airways

Question 3

What is Boyles Law?

Answer 3

P1V1=P2V2
Increase Volume - Decrease pressure
Decrease volume - Increase Pressure

Question 4

What happens when the lungs expand - Inspiration?

Answer 4

Volume increases and pressure decreases
Pressure falls below atmospheric levels
Air flows in

Question 5

What happens during expiration?

Answer 5

Pressure in lung exceeds atmospheric level and air flows out

Question 6

what causes the thoracic cage to move during Inspiration?

Answer 6

Respiratory muscles:
Scalenes
external intercostal
Diaphragm
Stemocleidomastoids

Question 7

What causes the thoracic cage to move during expiration?

Answer 7

Internal intercostals
abdominal muscles

Question 8

What causes the change in thoracic volume during Inspiration?

Answer 8

Mostly Diaphragm
Also Muscles of rib cage

Question 9

What is the function of the diaphragm during inspiration and expiration?

Answer 9

Inspiration: Diaphragm contracts, volume increases
Expiration: Diaphragm relaxes, volume decreases

Question 10

Name Measurements of lung function

Answer 10

Water Spirometer
FEV1
FEV1 correlated with MVV

Question 11

What is the definition of FEV1

Answer 11

Forced Expiratory Volume in one second - maximal volume of air exhaled in first second of forced expiration