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YEAR 5 > PSA > Flashcards

PSA Flashcards

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1
Q

drugs causing SIADH

A

sulfonyureas
SSRIs,
cyclophosphamide
carbamazepine
tricyclics
vincristine

SSCCTV

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2
Q

drugs usually prescribed weekly

A

bisphosphonates
methotrexate

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3
Q

aminophylline SE

A

lowering the seizure threshold

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4
Q

6 monthyl bloods for someone on lithium

A

u+es and fbc

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5
Q

what is a contraindicated to diltalezem

A

heart failure

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6
Q

Levofloxacin contraindicated

A

epilepsy as reduces the seizure threshold –> is a fluroquinone Abx

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7
Q

Flecanide contraindication

A

structural heart disease –> increased risk of arrhyhthmia

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8
Q

SE of steroids

A

S-stomach ulcers
T- thin skin
E-oEdema
R- right and left heart failure
O-osteoporsis
I-infection
D-diabetes
S- cushigns Syndrome

also sleep disturbance + psychosis

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9
Q

NSAIDs considerations w mnemonic

A

N- no urine (RENAL)
S- systolic dysfunction (heart failure)
A- Asthma
I - Indigestion
D-dyscrasia –> clotting abnormalities

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10
Q

avoid metoclopramide in

A
  1. parkinsons disease (its a dopamine antagonist and mya worsen Sx)
  2. Young women due to risk of dyskinesia
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11
Q

cyclizine is pretty much 1st choice antiemetic EXCEPT in

A

CARDIAC CASES –> can cause fluid retention

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12
Q

0.005% solution means what

A

5mg/ 1000ml

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13
Q

what does a 1% solution mean

A

1g / 100ml

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14
Q

scabies Tx

A

permethrin cream 5%

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15
Q

sulfonurea counselling

A
  • low blood augars
  • weight gain
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16
Q

names of rapid acting insulins

A

insulin aspart: NovoRapid
insulin lispro: Humalog

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17
Q

medications taken at night

A

statins and amytryptilline

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18
Q

why should aspirin not be taken by a breastfeeding mother

A

increases risk of Reyes syndrome in the child

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19
Q

Reyes syndrome

A

neurological disease that happens in children after a flu or virus (chicken pox most commonly) linked w increased incidence posure to aspriin

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20
Q

which class of medications can mask Sx of hypoglycaemia - causing reduced hypoglycaemic awareness

A

beta blockers e.g. atenolol

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21
Q

derm SE of lithium

A

worsens psoriasis

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22
Q

which class of Abx should you use with caution if penicillin allergy

A

cephalosporins ( about 0.5-6% of people w allergy to penicillin will also be allergic to these)

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23
Q

Chlorphenamine and Chlorpromazine differnece

A

chlorphenamine: antihistamine
chlorpromazine: antipsychotic

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24
Q

Carbimazole and Carbmazepine difference

A

carbimazole: antithyroid
carbmazepine: antiepileptic

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25
PEAK AND THROUGH GENTAMIACIN
26
why should 5% glucose as maintenance fluids be avoided in someone who has had a stroke
increased risk of cerebral oedema
27
antipsychotic monitoring - Ix at beginning of Tx
FBC, U+Es, LFTs, lipids, weight, fasting glucose, prolactin, blood pressure + ECG
28
why do you need U+Es when question digoxin level in digoxin toxcitiy
if pt hypokalaemic digoxin toxicity can occur AT A LOWER PLASMA DIGOXIN level
29
when do you need a steroid withdrawal plan
received more than 40mg prednisolone daily for more than one week received more than 3 weeks treatment recently received repeated courses
30
emergency surgery - drugs to stop w/o alternative
- antiplatelets - anticoagulants - contraceptive pills
31
emergency surgery - drugs to consider alternative for
- oral hypoglycaemics ( metformin needs to be stopped due to risk of lactic acidosis but do DM need insulin sliding scale?) - insulins
32
drugs that shouldn't be stopped before surgery
b blockers CCBs
33
obvious things to check in preription r/vs
dose of paracetamol dose of statins daily vs weekly for osteoporosis and methotrexate dose of aspirin - Tx vs prophylactic dose of anticoag like enoxaparin - treatment for WHAT
34
in a drowsy pt
stop opiods
35
lithium rulse w surgery
should be stopped a day before
36
lithium excretion is dramatically reduced with (3) classes of drugs
ACE inhibitors diuretics NSAIDs
37
mild mod and sever lithium toxicity
mild = tremor Mod = lethargy severe = arrhythmias , seizures, coma, renal failure (=dialysis)
38
if you need to amend dose
by SMALLEST increment as a rule often in BNF if unsure
39
fluid after aggressive fluid therapy for AKI when kidneys are working again
input needs to match output so if peeing alot and not intaking much still will need alot of fluid to balance
40
if sodium is upper end of normal for fluid therapy hwhat should u. use
5% dextrose with or w/o K deepening on levels
41
diabetes with low GFR first line
gliclazide
42
BiPAP vs CPAP
BiPAP = type 2 resp failure CPAP = type 1 resp failure
43
if 2 answers seem right following guidelines MEANS
1 will have wrong dose!!!!
44
when do u check lipids with someone on 2nd gen antipsychotic
baseline every 3 months for first year then annually
45
if you need to convert between steroid therapies
type in "glucocorticoid therapy"
46
to find all pain drug conversions
palliative care
47
to find Tx in GP for emergencies
medical emergencis in the community
48
to find all tips on bleeding / haemorrhage
oral anticoagulant
49
to find all ovedose management
poisoning
50
to find HRT info
sex hormones
51
aminophylline toxicity
cause tachycardia --> tachyarrhythmia which can be fatal
52
how long aftr does of aminophyline should level be taken
18 hrs unless toxicity concerns
53
how long does consolidation take to clear up on cxr
up to 6 wks
54
gum hyperplasia is se of
ciclosporin ( immunosurpressant used in organ donation / severe AI diseases)
55
tacrolimus monitoring
trough level before dose
56
monitoring of progress of DKA
serum ketones glucose is less useful cos will normalise rapidly agter starting insulin
57
antimuscarinic se
urinary retention, constipation blurred vision , dry mouth, GI distrubance
58
why is cyclizine contraindicated in heart failure
can worsen fluid retention --> metoclopramide is better choice
59
how long before surgery should antiplatelets be stopped
1 week
60
allopurinol and AKI
should be stopped as can accumulate without proper renal clearance
61
aspirin and AKI
although NSAID not acc nephrotoxic so fine to keep using usually
62
breakthrough pain relief option
generally there maintenance and breakthrough should be same drug (e.g. fentanyl patches can be supplemented with fentanyl nasal spray for quick relief)
63
if INR is >1.5 on day of surgery
give vit k
64
science name for vit K
phytomenadione
65
rivoxaban instructions for taking
WITH FOOD - increases absorption
66
most serious SE of ciclosporin
nephrotoxicity + HTN so renal function needs to be monitored closely - esp in first 2 wks of use!!
67
whats the cut off to show working statin
more than 40% reduction in non-HDL cholesterol in 3 months
68
diclofenac contraindicated
IHD
69
what to monitor if on a heparin like enoxaparin for longer than 4 days
platelets due to risk of heparin induced thrombocytopenia
70
threshold for blood transfusion
70g for normal 80 is having ACS/ bleed
71
folic acid in pregnant women WITH sickle cell
5mg folic acid TILL BIRTH
72
EGFR limit that would suggest stopping / reducing dose of acei
if eGFR declines by 25% or more after commencing or increasing the dose of ACE inhibitor
73
whats wrong with paracetamol PRN up to 4 hourly
4 HOURLY EXCEESDS MAX DOSE --> NEEDS 6 HRS
74
when should diuretics be given
not at NIGHT --> will be up to piss 20 times
75
how often are antiemetics given
typically 8 hrly
76
citalopram in elderly
over 65s max dose is 20mg
77
what is the highest percentage dextrose you can give as maintenance fluids
5% 10/20% is reserved for treating hypoglycaemia
78
ABx review time if not given
IV = 3 days oral = 5 days
79
sodium valproate toxicity and therefore monitoring
hepatotoxicity so lfts
80
max rate of KCl
10mmol / hour max 20 if in central line and cardiac monitoring
81
iron and levothyroxine
give 4 hours apart cos iron reduces absorption
82
increase in insulin...
roughly 2 units (10%)
83
Tx for oral candidiasis
nystatin
84
anaphylazis dose
500mcg of 1:1000 IM , can be repeated after 5 mins
85
SE of furosemide face
sensioneural hesaring loss
86
weird SE of ramipril
ANGIOEDEMA due to inhibition of bradykinin breakdown
87
how to monitor and titrate heparin
APTT
88
SE of amiodarone
thyroid and fibrosis
89
what precipitates lithium toxicity
anything that causes AKI
90
what category of Abx is gentamiacin
aminoglycose
91
Weird SE of DMARDs that cant monitor on bloods
HIGH BP
92
what type of diuretic is spirinolactone
aldosterone antagonist
93
bisphosphonate on for 3-5 years
take a bisphosphonate holiday
94
mnemonic for bisphosphonate SE
HOld the JAFA cake H-hyperCa O-oeseophagitis/heartburn ld the J-jaw necrosis A- atypical # F- femoral shaft # A - acute phase reaction (like inflame response)
95
Ranitidine use
linked to gastric cancer NO NEW PTS
96
Secondary prevention drugs
aspirin acei bblocker statin
97
aspriin in kid
contrindicated cos of risk of reyes syndrome
98
mnemonic for cpy450 inducers
CRAPGPS drive me to Madness C-carbemazepine R-rifampicin A-alcohol (chronic) P- phenytoin G- griseofluvin P-phenobarbitone S-sulfonyureas
99
mnemonic for CYP450 inhibitors
SICKFACES.COM S-sodium valproate I-Isonazid C-cimetidine K- ketoconazole F- Fluconazole A - alcohol (acute) + grapefruit C - chlormapenicol E- erythromycin S-sulfonamide . C-ciprofloxacin O-omeprazole M - metronidazole
100
wake up stroke treatment
thrombectomy!!!!
101
the 4 life threatening Fx of arrhythmias
- acute HF - shock - ischaemia (chest pain) - collapse (syncope)
102
what class of Abx is clarithyromycin
macrolide
103
which antiemetic is safe in parkinsons disease
ONLY DOMPERIDONE
104
sgnif se of macrolides
prolonged QTc
105
prescribing code for sublingual
SL
106
what class of drug is mefanamic acid
NSAID
107

YEAR 5 (18 decks)

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