Prudence, Justice, and the Intellectual Virtues

Question 1

Define prudence.

Answer 1

Knowing the means to attain the end.

Question 2

Define memory as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 2

Remembering the right things pertaining to action and its circumstances.

Integral.

Question 3

Define understanding as a virtue.

Answer 3

Grasping practical principles and the nature of various situations.

Question 4

Define docility as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 4

The ability to be led and take counsel from others.

Integral.

Question 5

Define shrewdness as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 5

Quickness in arriving at the means to the end.

Integral.

Question 6

Define reason as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 6

Applying practical principles to particular situations.

Integral.

Question 7

Define foresight as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 7

Anticipating future outcomes of actions based upon past experience.

Integral.

Question 8

Define circumspection as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 8

Keeping track of one’s circumstances.

Integral.

Question 9

Define caution as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 9

Applying knowledge of the past to action in order to avoid impediments and evils.

Integral.

Question 10

Define good counsel (eubulia) as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 10

The habit of taking good counsel.

Question 11

Define synesis as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 11

Knowing what to do when the common law applies.

Question 12

Define gnome as a virtue. State whether it is an integral or potential part of prudence.

Answer 12

Knowing what to do when the common law does not apply.

Question 13

Define justice.

Answer 13

Rendering another his due.

Question 14

What is commutative justice?

Answer 14

Justice between individuals.

Question 15

What is legal justice?

Answer 15

Justice of the individual to the common good.

Question 16

What is distributive justice?

Answer 16

Justice of those in charge of the common good to the individual.

Question 17

Define restitution.

Answer 17

Paying back what one owes.

Question 18

Define religion as a virtue.

Answer 18

Rendering to God what is due to Him.

Question 19

Define devotion as a virtue.

Answer 19

Having a prompt will to do things related to the service of God.

Question 20

Define adjuration.

Answer 20

The swearing or taking of an oath, such as in a court of law.

Question 21

Define piety as a virtue.

Answer 21

Rendering to one’s parents due honour and reverence.

Question 22

Define patriotism as a virtue.

Answer 22

Rendering to one’s country the honour due to it.

(Sub-virtue of piety).

Question 23

Define observances as a virtue.

Answer 23

Making acts of religion.

Question 24

Define dulia.

Answer 24

Giving due honour to one’s superiors.

Question 25

Define obedience.

Answer 25

Promptness of will to do the will of one’s superior.

Question 26

Define diligence.

Answer 26

Fulfilling one’s duty according to one’s state in life.

Question 27

Define gratitude.

Answer 27

Appreciation (normally expressed) to a benefactor for some gift given.

Question 28

Define just vindication.

Answer 28

Putting an end to the harm caused by others.

Question 29

Define truthfulness (honesty).

Answer 29

The habit of telling the truth.

Question 30

Define friendship or affability.

Answer 30

The virtue by which one is able to be befriended.

Question 31

Define liberality.

Answer 31

Using one’s surplus means to aid the poor.

Question 32

Define epieikeia.

Answer 32

Knowing the mind of the legislator.

Question 33

Define understanding as an intellectual virtue.

Answer 33

Grasping the nature of things.

Question 34

Define knowledge as an intellectual virtue.

Answer 34

Judging created things as they are.

Question 35

Define wisdom as an intellectual virtue.

Answer 35

Grasping those things that pertain to God as known through the natural light of reason.