Prsnlty Dsrdrs Flashcards by 18 22

prevalence of personality disorders

10-20%

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Able to adapt to or alter the external environment

alloplastic

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Being acceptable to ego

Ego-syntonic

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high levels of testosterone, 17-estradiol and estrone links to

a. impulsive traits
b. schizotypal
c. phlegmatic

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high endogenous endorphins maybe associated with persons who are

a. schizotypal
b. phlegmatic
c. choleric
d. neurotic

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Platelet Monoamine Oxidase: low levels associated

a. schizotypal
b. phlegmatic
c. choleric
d. neurotic

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EEG changes common in these personality types, appearing as slow wave activity

antisocial

borderline

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Oral Character

a. stubborn, parsimonious and highly conscientious
b. passive and dependent
c. defensive

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Anal character

a. stubborn, parsimonious and highly conscientious
b. passive and dependent
c. defensive

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defensive styles for protecting themeselves and from internal impulses and from interpersonal anxiety on significant’s relationship

Reich’s character of armore

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Cluster A.

a. Anxious and Fearful disorders
b. Odd, eccentric disorders
c. Dramatic, emotional, erratic disorders

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Cluster B

a. Anxious and Fearful disorders
b. Odd, eccentric disorders
c. Dramatic, emotional, erratic disorders

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Cluster C

a. Anxious and Fearful disorders
b. Odd, eccentric disorders
c. Dramatic, emotional, erratic disorders

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Cluster A personalities

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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Cluster B personalities

Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

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Cluster C personalities

Avoidant
Dependent
OCD

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Distrust: persistent suspiciousness, secretive, witholding, hypervigilant, jealous, envious, suspects without sufficient basis that others are exploiting, harming or deceiving them

Paranoid

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Interpersonal deficits; cognitive distortions; eccentricitiesl; paranoid;difficulty feeling understood and accepted; odd beliefs,magical thinking, unusual perceptual experiences; social isolation

Schizotypal

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Social detachment: self-absorbed; restricted emotionality; cold and indifferent; neither desires nor enjoys close relationships; anhedonic, indifferent from others;

Schizoid

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Instability; impulsivity; hypersensitivity; self-destructive behavior; profound mood shifts; unstable and intense interpersonal rel ationships

Borderline

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Disregard for rights of others; lies; manipulates; exploitive; seductive; repeatedly performs acts that are grounds for arrest

Antisocial

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Arrogance; need for admiration; lack of empathy; seductive; socially exploitive;manipulative; grandiose sense of self-importance

Narcissistic

Excessive emotionality; attention seeking, superficial and stormy relationships; lively; uncomfortable when not the center of attention

Histrionic

Submissive behavior; low self-esteem; dependency in relationships; extreme self-consciousness;urgently and indiscriminately seeks another relationship ends; inadequate; helpless

Dependent

Social inhibition; withdraw from social and occupational situations that involve significant interpersonal contact; longs for relationships; inadequacy; hypersensitivity to negative criticism, rejection or shame

Avoidant

Unable to express affection; overly cold and rigid; crippling preoccupation with trivial detail, orderliness, perfectioninsm & control(attend to rules, list s organization, schedules, to the extent that the major point of activity is lost); superior attitude

OCD

Antipsychotics useful for

Paranoid Schizotypal Borderline

SSRI and MAOIs helpful for

Borderline

Lithium Carbonate and Propranolol helpful for

Antisocial

Anxiolytics helpful for

Avoidant

CBT helpful for

OC Passive aggressive antisocial avoidant

Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy helpful for

Histrionic

Milieu or group therapy helpful for

antisocial | dependent

Treatment focuses on the unconscious motivation for seeking total satisfaction from thers and for being unable to commit oneself to a stable, meaningful relationship ; for histrionic

Psychoanalytical psychotherapy

feedback from peers is more effective than in one-to-one interaction with a therapist.

Milieu therapy

particularly homogenous supprtive groups that emphasize the development of social skills-may be helpful in overcoming social anxiety

Group therapy

offer reinforcement for positive change. Social skills and assertiveness training teach alternatives ways to deal with frustration

Behavioral strategies in Cognitive/Behavioral therapy

help the client recognize the correct inaccurate internal mental schemata.

Cognitive strategies in CBT

medications that decrease impulsivity and self-destructive acts.

SSRIs and MAOIs

Useful for violent episodes

Lithium carbonate and Inderatl

are sometimes helpful whenever previously avoided behavior is being attempted

Anxiolytics

brief and time-limited, or it may invlove long-term exploratory psychotherapy.It may be particularly appropriate because personality disorders largely reflect problems in interpersonal style

Interpersonal psychotherapy

Interpersonal psychotherapy helpful for

``` Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal Borderline Dependent Narcissistic OC ```

A pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, pefectionism & mental & interpersonal control at the expense of flexibilty, openness & efficiency, beginning by early adulthood & present in a variety of contexts

OCD

A pervasive & excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation, beginning by early adulthood & present in a variety of contexts

Dependent

Apervasive pattern of social inhibition;, feeling if inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts

Avoidant

A pervasive pattern of grandiosity(in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy beggining from early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts

Narcissistic

A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts

Histrionic

A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships,self-image, & affects, & marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood & present in a variety of contexts

Borderline

A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others occuring since age 15 years

Antisocial

A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with disorder and reduced capacity for close relationships and by cognitive and perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning in early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts

Schizotypal

A pervasive pattern of detachmentfrom social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning in early adulthood

Schizoid

A pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent, beginning in early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts

Paranoid