Provisional Government - role of war in their downfall

Question 1

The Liberals believed that a genuinely liberal regime with public ____ would be able to conduct the ____ and achieve ____

Answer 1

The Liberals believed that a genuinely liberal regime with public confidence would be able to conduct the war and achieve victory

Question 2

The decision to carry on the war was an absurd one:

• Did not have support of ____ - officers became ____, peasants’ ____ meant did not believe their land under threat
• The ____ and ____ damage it was already causing e.g. ____
• Flawed ____ - cannot have a ____ war government

Answer 2

The decision to carry on the war was an absurd one:

• Did not have support of troops - officers became enemy, peasants’ regionalism meant did not believe their land under threat
• The economic and socal damage it was already causing e.g. inflation
• Flawed ideology - cannot have a democratic war government

Question 3

How did the Provisional Government fail to take the initiative?

Answer 3

No practical reforms to deal with most pressing problems i.e. land because of the war effort and fear of peasants deserting to take land

Question 4

Lifting censorship meant the PG power ot mould ____ ____ to its favour

____-____ propaganda directed at governent

Answer 4

Lifting censorship meant the PG power ot mould public opinion to its favour

Anti-war propaganda directed at governent

Question 5

Lost control of the countryside by replacing privisional governors with ____ ____

A system of peasant ____ and later ____ developed and showed ____

Answer 5

Lost control of the countryside by replacing privisional governors with elected zemstva

A system of peasant committees and later soviets developed and showed independence

Question 6

Army discipline collapsed as soldiers elected their own ____ and officers were ____

(technically a ____ ____ policy, but PG allows)

Also, the continuation of the war saw peasant ____ so as not to miss out on any land _____

____ desertions from 1914- February 1917

____ desertsions March-May

Answer 6

Army discipline collapsed as soldiers elected their own soviets and officers were ignored

(technically a Petrograd Soviet policy, but PG allows)

Also, the continuation of the war saw peasant desertions so as not to miss out on any land redistribution

195,000 desertions from 1914- February 1917

365,000 desertsions March-May

Question 7

Workers exacerbated problems on Eastern Front as workers in vital war industries were ____ and so supply ____ ____

Answer 7

Workers exacerbated problems on Eastern Front as workers in vital war industries were disobedient and so supply broke down

Question 8

Workers became more organised and undermined authority of PG:

• Formed ___, ___ ___, and ____ ___ - negotiated ___ etc
• Some had enough power to ____ factory owners’ _____

Answer 8

Workers became more organised and undermined authority of PG:

• Formed soviets, trade unions and workers’ committees - negotiated contracts etc
• Some had enough power to undermine factory owners’ commands

Question 9

Landowners, factory owners, and army leaders lost faith in PG in ____ after ___-___ ____ and ____ resigned and were replaced with ___ from the ____

Answer 9

Landowners, factory owners, and army leaders lost faith in PG in April after moderate-socialists Milyukov and Guchkov resigned and were replaced with socialists from the Soviet

Question 10

Factory owners stopped supporting PG after introduction of _ ___ ___ - believed reduced ____

Upper-class stopped because of PG’s inability to control ____ ____

Answer 10

Factory owners stopped supporting PG after introduction of 8 hr day - believed reduced production

Upper-class stopped because of PG’s inability to control rural distrubances

Question 11

Local government bodies and people’s militias failed to control peasants as they ____ ____, refusing to send ____ to towns for ____ ____

Answer 11

Local government bodies and people’s militias failed to control peasants as they defied orders, refusing to send grain to towns for low prices

Question 12

Lenin’s April Theses:

• Peasants - land would be ____ and ____ by local Soviets
• Army and WC - capitalism cause of ____, had to be ____
• Codified by ____ ____

Answer 12

Lenin’s April Theses:

• Peasants - land would be seized and redistributed by local Soviets
• Army and WC - capitalism cause of war, had to be overthrown
• Codified by simple slogans

Question 13

‘July Days’ started because of Kronsdat soldiers fear of being ___ to ____

Also protest at poor ____ ____

Answer 13

‘July Days’ started because of Kronsdat soldiers fear of being sent to front

Also protest at poor war conditions

Question 14

July Days changed makeup of PG:

• More ____-wing
• Prince Lvov resigned, replaced with ____
• ____ put in charge of army

Maybe ____ ____ rather than war?

Answer 14

July Days changed makeup of PG:

• More right-wing
• Prince Lvov resigned, replaced with Kerensky
• Kornilov put in charge of army

Maybe workers’ unrest rather than war?

Question 15

Kornilov reintroduced ____ ___ to army, loses support as Kornilov seen as ____

Answer 15

Kornilov reintroduced capital punishment to army, loses support as Kornilov seen as reactionary

Question 16

‘Kornilov’s Programme’ was getting rid of ___ ___ i.e. ____ and ___ ___

Supported by ____

Answer 16

‘Kornilov’s Programme’ was getting rid of ‘german spies’ i.e. Lenin and Petrograd Svoiet

Supported by Briatin

Question 17

Petrograd hostile to Kornilov as threatend ___ of __ i.e. ___ ___

Made Kerensky stuck between need to support ___ bc of dual alliance, to support ____, adn to suport ____

Answer 17

Petrograd hostile to Kornilov as threatend contol of __ i.e. ___ ___

Made Kerensky stuck between need to support ___ bc of dual alliance, to support ____, adn to suport ____