PROTOZOANS Flashcards
Causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
FREE LIVING AMOEBA
What are the 3 under of free living amoeba
- NAEGLERIA
- ACANTHAMOEBA
- HARTMANELLA
What is mode of entry
INTRANASAL ROUTE
- Habitat is CNS
- Portal of entry is nose thru inhalation
- IS cyst
- Trophozoite is broad and has lobed pseudopods
- Has a stage where they posses flagella which is pear shaped
-Cyst is thin walled - Lab dx: amoeba in CSF/ biopsy of specimen
- Pathogenesis : amoebic meningoencephalitis (acute onset of disease)
- Does not survive in sea water
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
- Can be acquires from contaminated contact lens care solution
- Clutured on BLOOD AGAR PLATE (BAP) flooded with E. Coli
Acanthamoeba:
A. Culbertsoni
A. Polyphaga
A. Castellani
A. Astronyxis - Portal of entry is skin lesion, direct invasion to eye and nasal mucosa.
- IS cyst
- Trophozoite is larger and more sluggish than naegleria with spiny pseudopods knows as acanthamoeba
- They did not have flagellar phase
- Lab dx: amoeba in CSF/Skin lesion
- Pathogenesis: Amoebic meningoencephalitis (chronic onset of disease)
- Corneal ulceration granulomatous infection of skin
ACANTHAMOEBA SPP.
It can be differentiated from acanthamoeba by the presence of many nucleoli on it’s nucleus
BALAMUTHIA MANDRILLARIS
Usually recovered from hospital taps, vehicle for P. Aeruginosa and P. Pneumophila
HARTMANELLA SPP.
- Formerly amoeba, now classified as a flagellate
- With 2 nuclei (binucleated trophozoite)
- Transmission may occur by pinworm ova
DIENTAMOEBA FRAGILIS
Coinfection with enterobius vermicularis and ascaris lumbricoides, multiple leaf like pseudopodi, flagella only visible with electron microscope.
DIENTAMOEBA FRAGILIS
Enteromonas hominis
A. Trophozite and B. Cyst
A. Trophozoite
- Pear shaped
- 4 Flagella: interior flagella and which closely adheres to the flattened surface of one cyst
B. Cyst
- Oval
- 2-4 nuclei
Harmless commensal
Embadomonas intestinalis/ Retortamonas intestinalis
