Protozoa & Disease Flashcards
Potozoa cell morphology
- Nucleus (eukaryotic)
- Flagellum
- Cilia
- Golgi
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondrion
- Plasma membrane
- Apicoplast (similar to chloroplast)
How do protozoa reproduce
- All reproduce asexually (budding, mitosis)
- Not all reproduce sexually
What kind of mosquitoes cause malaria
Female Anopheles mosquito
5 species of plasmodium (causative organisms of malaria)
- P. falciparum (most deadly)
- P.vivax (most common)
- P. ovale
- P. malariae
- P. knowlesi
Where are merozoites formed in malaria transmission
In liver cells
Steps in malaria transmission
- Infected by mosquito bite
- Merozoites formed in liver cells
- Merozoites released & rbcs infected
- Rings form in rbcs
- Asexual reproduction occurs to form trophozoites and then schizont
- Gametocytes are formed which are taken back up by mosquitoes for sexual reproduction between mozzies
Symptoms of malaria (8)
- Anaemia
- Splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen)
- Fever
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Rigors (sudden feeling of cold with shivering accompanied by a rise in temp)
- Headache
- Coma
Which malaria plasmodium causes severe symptoms and sometimes cerebral malaria
P. falciparum
What makes you attractive to mosquitoes
- Body odour: certain compounds in breath, skin, sweat attract
- Skin bacteria: high diversity of microbes on skin will repel
- Pregnancy: more attractive due to body temp increase
What is Chagas Disease caused by
Protozoa spread by:
Reduviid bug
Kissing bug
Vampire bug
What is Babesiosis caused by
Babesia microti
A protozoan transmitted by deer tick
Some symptoms of Babesiosis
Fever
Haemolytic anaemia
(Caused by infection of rbcs)
What do P. falciparum & Babesia microti look like on a blood film
Maltese cross
Babesiosis: at risk groups
- Splenectomised (surgical removal of spleen)
- Immunocompromised
What is the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. associated with
Untreated water & swimming pools
