Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Parasitology > Protozoa - Cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis, besnoitiosis of cattle, sarcocystiosis > Flashcards

Protozoa - Cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis, besnoitiosis of cattle, sarcocystiosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the size of a Cryptosporidium oocyst?

A: 1-2 microns
B: 5-8 microns
C: 30-40 microns
D: 100-150 microns

A

B: 5-8 microns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How can we characterize the host specificity of Cryptosporidia baileyi?

A: Stenoxenous
B: Euryxenous
C: Heteroxenous
D: Zoonotic

A

B: Euryxenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do the oocysts of Cryptosporidia contain?

A: 2 sporocysts
B: 4 sporocysts
C: 8 sporozoites
D: 4 sporozoites

A

D: 4 sporozoites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What organ is never involved into C. baileyi infection of poultry?

A: Liver
B: Air sacs
C: Intestines
D: Eyes

A

A: Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which organ is not involved during a C. Bailyei infection of Poultry?

A: Brain
B: Lung
C: Intestine
D: Kidney

A

A: Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do we detect usually the oocysts of Cryptosporidia in faeces?

A: With flotation
B: With native smear
C: Decantation
D: Sedimentation

A

A: With flotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which animal species can be infected by Toxoplasma gondii?

A: Members of felidae family
B: Many mammals only
C: Many mammals and birds
D: Cats and some other mammals

A

C: Many mammals and birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many sporocysts do the Toxoplasma oocysts have?

A: Two
B: Only one
C: Four
D: Eight

A

A: Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What kind of pathological signs can we see on the surface of placenta of
aborted foetus by consequence of Toxoplasma infection?

A: Catarrhal inflammation
B: Necrotic spots
C: Haemorrhages
D: No signs can be seen

A

B: Necrotic spots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What method is not applicable to detect antibodies against Toxoplasma
infection?

A: Polymerase chain reaction
B: Sabin-feldman test
C: Complement fixation test
D: ELISA

A

A: Polymerase chain reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which species of host of Toxoplasma do not abort their foetus during infection?

A: Swine
B: Sheep
C: Cat
D: Humans

A

C: Cat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the size of Toxoplasma cyst that contains tachyzoites?

A: 20-100 microns
B: 5-10 microns
C: 100-200 microns
D: 1-2 microns

A

A: 20-100 microns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the sign that does not appear in the chronic form of Besnoitiosis of
cattle?

A: Alopecia
B: Itching
C: Skin thickening
D: Wrinkling of skin

A

B: Itching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of Sarcocystis oocyst can be found in fresh faeces?

A: Unsporulated
B: Sporulated
C: Not any can be found in it
D: Unripen

A

B: Sporulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of Sarcocystis oocyst can be found in fresh faeces?

A: Sporulated form with two sporocysts
B: Unsporulated
C: Not any
D: Sporulated form with four sporocysts

A

A: Sporulated form with two sporocysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the usual consequence of Sarcocystis in final host animals?

A: Vomitus
B: Mild fever
C: Diarrhoea
D: No clinical signs

A

D: No clinical signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What can we usually detect in the faeces during Sarcocystiosis in definite host?

A: Sporocysts
B: Free sporozoites
C: Unsporulated oocysts
D: Not any form of Sarcocystiosis

A

A: Sporocysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the most frequent clinical form of Sarcocystiosis of the dog?

A: Acute
B: Subacute
C: Chronic
D: Subclinical

A

D: Subclinical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What animals are susceptible for Besnoitia besnoiti?

A: Cattle
B: Bovines
C: More ssp. of ruminants
D: Wild ruminants

A

C: More ssp. of ruminants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which is the method used to detect Cryptosporidium?

A: Gram staining
B: PAS staining
C: Kinyoun staining
D: Iodine staining

A

C: Kinyoun staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What method is not used to detect Toxoplasma tachyzoites during infection?

A: Mouse inoculation test
B: Sabin-Fieldman dye test
C: IFAT Staining
D: Tissue Culture

A

C: IFAT Staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which genus has sporulated oocysts with 4 free sporozoites?

A

Cryptosporidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which genus has sporulated oocysts without sporocysts?

A

Cryptosporidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the characteristics of Cryptosporidium meleagridis oocysts?

A

5 μm, spherical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which form is not characteristic of avian Cryptosporidiosis?

A

Hepatic form (cryptosporidiosis has intestinal, respiratory and renal form)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Host range of Cryptosporidiosis?

A

Euryxenous (mammals and birds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Host range of Cryptosporidium baileyi?

A

Anseriform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Life Cycle of Cryptosporidia parvum?

A

Homoxenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which species of Cryptosporidium occurs in birds?

A

C. baileyi (C. galli, C. meleagridis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where is Cryptosporidium mainly found?

A

Small intestine (Ileum) or abomasum in case of C. muris and C. andersoni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which bird species are susceptible for C. bailyei infection?

A

Many species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the causative agent of Cryptosporidiosis in mammals?

A

C. muris (C. parvum, C. andersoni and C. bovis, C. felis, C. canis, C. hominis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which parasite are homoxenous but not host specific?

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the clinical signs for C. baileyi?

A

Dyspnoea and diarrhoea (also: coughing, sneezing, nasal discharges and conjunctivitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are the characteristics of Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts?

A

6-7 μm, oval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What form of Cryptosporidium can be found in fresh faeces?

A

Oocysts containing 4 sporozoites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which form of Cryptosporidiosis has the most severe outcome in broilers?

A

Respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

In which location will Cryptosporidium baileyi not establish?

A

Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which is not true?

A

Toxoplasma oocysts are 5-8 μm (they are 10x12 μm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Host range of Toxoplasmosis?

A

Cats, dogs, birds and humans and other mammals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Which symptom does not occur during Toxoplasmosis infection in cats?

A

Abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

How can we characterize the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Facultative heteroxenous

43
Q

In which animal can we find Toxoplasma oocysts in the faeces?

A

Cats (maximum 20 days/only for 1-2 weeks)

44
Q

What kind of host is the cat in Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Final Host/definitive host

45
Q

For how long does a cat pass Toxoplasma oocysts in the faeces?

A

1-2 weeks

46
Q

Which animals shed oocysts in Toxoplasmosis?

A

All species of cats as the definitive/final host

47
Q

What can be found in sporulated oocysts of Toxoplasmosis?

A

2 sporocysts each containing 4 sporozoites

48
Q

What is the patency period for Toxoplasmosis?

A

20 days

49
Q

Oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii is indistinguishable from that of?

A

Hammondia hammondi

50
Q

What is the size of Toxoplasma gondii cyst?

A

20-100 micrometers

51
Q

In which species does T. gondii cause necrotic foci and granuloma in liver,
spleen, lungs and brain?

A

Rabbit

52
Q

Which clinical sign can be seen in dogs infected by Toxoplasma?

A

CNS symptoms (along with anorexia, pneumonia and diarrhoea)

53
Q

What method is not used to detect Toxoplasma tachyzoites during infection?

A

Sabin-Feldman dye test

54
Q

Besnoitia besnoiti species are?

A

Obligatory heteroxenous

55
Q

Which statement is not true for Besnoitia besnoiti?

A

It´s most important intermediate host is the cat. It can be transmitted by vectors, the cyst is
visible to the naked eye, develops in the endothel

56
Q

What type of host of Sarcocystiosis can give the intestinal form of infection?

A

Final hosts – dog, cat, wild carnivores and man

57
Q

What is the Sarcocystiosis species of cattle among these following ones?

A

S. hirsuta

58
Q

What is the Sacrocystiosis species of sheep among these following ones?

A

S. gigantean

59
Q

What can be found in sections of vascular endothelium of heart, kidney etc. in
Sarcosporidiosis?

A

Groups of merozoites or small schizonts

60
Q

Intestinal Sarcosporidiosis can occur in?

A

Dog, cat, wild carnivores and man

61
Q

Wheat-pea sized and greyish-yellow sarcocysts of … are found in the wall of
esophagus?

A

S. gigantea (in sheep)

62
Q

Muscle sarcosporidiosis can be found in?

A

Sheep, cattle, sheep, swine, horse and rabbit

63
Q

What does the human need to ingest to get infected with Sarcocystiosis?

A

Cystozoites

64
Q

Locations of Cryptosporidium spp.:

A

C. parvum Small intestine (ileum) Ruminants, rodents, humans
C. muris Abomasum / Stomach Rodents, rabbits, ruminants, carnivores, humans (primates)
C. andersoni Abomasum / Stomach Ruminants, humans

65
Q

Size of Cryptosporidiosis oocyst?

A

5-6 (-8 inc. mammalian)

Mammalian 5-8 um

66
Q

What are the characteristics of Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts?

A

6-7um, oval

67
Q

Crpyosporidium infection:

A

Per os infection. Mainly with water (water-borne).

Aerogen via coughing, dust, or spray.

68
Q

Which form of Cryptosporidiosis has the most severe outcome in mammals?

A

C. parvum (due to apoptosis)

69
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum more likely in:

A 
Immunocompromised animals (opportunism)
Giardia (concurrent infection)
70
Q

Cryptosporidium andersoni in:

A

Gastric glands of bovine abomasum. Older calves.

71
Q

Which Cryptosporidium sp./spp. occur(s) frequently in post-weaned or older calves? (MCQ)

A

C. bovis
C. ryanae
C. andersoni

72
Q

Which is not characteristic of Avian cryptosporidiosis?

A

 Hepatic

Characteristic: Respiratory, intestinal, renal

73
Q

Cryptosporidium baileyi not in: (location and host)

A

True: In chicken (location depends on route of infection)

74
Q

In which location will Cryptosporidium baileyi not establish?

A

Stomach

75
Q

Which form of Cryptosporidiosis has the most severe outcome in Broilers?

A

Respiratory form

76
Q

In which host does Toxoplasmosis play a large role in abortion?

A

Sheep (In mid-gestation)

Also small ruminants, humans. Sometimes pigs.

77
Q

Hammondia hammondii is similar to:

A

Toxoplasma gondii

78
Q

Which are the routes of infection of Toxoplasma?

A

Oral – Via meat containing cysts / sporulated oocysts
Galactogenic
Trans-placental
Parenteral

79
Q

What kind of meat do humans get Toxoplasma from?

A

Venison, lamb, and pork mainly. Undercooked meat like deer, pork and lamb.

80
Q

How do humans get Toxoplasma?

A

Soil work, unwashed vegetables, oocyst in water, contact with cats

81
Q

Difference between Neospora and Isospora?

A

Isospora do not have microcpyle in wall. Isospora oocysts do not have residual or stieda body.

82
Q

What are potential consequences of Neosporosis in dogs? MCQ

A

(Neospora is a form of paralysis in dogs, and abortion in cattle)
Poly-radiculo-neuritis (ascending form of hind-limb paralysis)
Dysphagia
Dermatitis (generalized form is a disseminated form with pol- or pyogranumatous-ulcerative dermatitis)

83
Q

Neospora caninum of dogs causes: (final and intermediate host)

A

Poly-radiculo-neurits

84
Q

When does Neospora caninum cause abortion?

A

Cows – Abortion between 3rd-7th month of gestation (early foetal death may entail resorption, later causes mummification, autolysis)
Due to tachyzoites (parasitaemia) of the mother. Neospora is a cause of paralysis in dog and abortion in cattle.

85
Q

What is the characteristic gestation period of Neosporosis related abortion in cows? (intermediate host)

A

4-6 months

86
Q

Neospora hughesi causes:

A

Equine protozoal myelmoencephalitis (EPM)

87
Q

Who does Hammondiosis affect?

A

Final Host Dog, fox, coyote (H. heydorni and H. triffittae in canids) , cat (H. hammondi) (Carnivores)
Intermediate Host Ruminants, guinea pigs, mice, deer dogs (Prey species)

88
Q

Clinical signs of Hammondia spp.:

A

H. hammondi - Only in intermediate host. Depression, anorexia, myocarditis, death in mouse, rat. Final host no symptoms.
H. heydorni - No clinical signs.

89
Q

To whom are Hammondia spp. closely related genetically?

A

Toxoplasma gondii

90
Q

Hammondiosis causes symptoms in what?

A

Cat, Dog

Usually sub-clinical in cats. H. heydorni can cause diarrhoea in immuno-compromised dogs.

91
Q

Which species shed Hammondi cysts?

A

Cats only, via faeces.

92
Q

Which species is related to pathological signs in Hammondia?

A

Mouse – Depression, anorexia, myositis, myocarditis, death.

93
Q

Besnoitia species are:

A

Obligatory hetero-xenous (the majority obligatory)

94
Q

Size of besnoitia cyst?

A

3- 800 um, visible to the naked eye

95
Q

What is the direction of spreading bovine Besnoitiosis in Europe?

A

South-west to east

96
Q

Besnoitia vector:

A

Tabanus, Stomoxys (blood-sucking insects transmit mechanically the cystozoites = hetero-xenous)

97
Q

Where does the Besnoitia cyst occur?

A

Sclera. Pathognomic. Cysts occur in the sclera (pathognomic), respiratory muscles, genital mucosa.
Endothelium (cystozoites, surrounded by connective tissue reaction). Sclera-derma stage: Dermis, sub-cutaneous tissue (also in the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva, mucosa of respiratory and genital organs, serosal surfaces).

98
Q

Which statement is not true for Besnoitia besnoiti?

A

 It´s most important intermediate host is the cat. (Intermediate host is cattle, wild ruminants).
True: It can be transmitted by vectors. The cyst is visible to the naked eye. Develops in the endothel.

99
Q

Which domestic animals have zoonotic Sarcocystis sp./spp.?

A

Pig, cattle

Pig – S. suihominis Cattle – S. hominis

100
Q

Ruminants Sarcocystiosis pathogenesis:

A

Dalmeny disease – General haemorrhages diathesis (petechial and diffuse haemorrhages everywhere)

101
Q

Haemogregarines characteristics:

A

Micro- and macro-gamonts develop next to each other

102
Q

In Klossiella there is:

A

Free sporocyst to discharge via urine. Sporocyst with 10-15 sporozoites in it.

103
Q

Which animal is pathogenically affected by Klosseliosis?

A

Horse (K. equi) and Mouse (K. muris)

Parasitology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions