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PARA LEC PRELIM > PROTOZOA > Flashcards

PROTOZOA Flashcards

1
Q

Non-motile, Non-Feeding stage, Resistant to acid

A

Cyst

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2
Q

Motile, Feeding stage, Fragile

A

Trophozoite

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3
Q

What are the 3 stages of reproduction

A

Excystation, Encystation, Binary Fission

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4
Q

development/morphologic conversion of trophozoite into cyst

A

Encystation

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5
Q

mode of reproduction of trophozoite

A

Binary fission

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6
Q

development/morphologic conversion of cyst into trophozoite

A

Excystation

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7
Q

General characteristics of protozoa include

A
  • unicellular
  • motile
  • vary in shape
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8
Q

Parts of cytoplasm

A
  • ectoplasm
  • endoplasm
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9
Q

infective stage

A

Cyst

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10
Q

Most important part of protozoa

A

Protoplasm

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11
Q

sexual reproduction

A

syngamy

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12
Q

asexual reproduction

A

binary fission

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13
Q

example of commonly amoeba

A

Subphylum darcodina

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14
Q

consider as the only pathogenic intestinal amoeba

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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15
Q

What is the infective stage or form of Entamoeba histolytica?

A

quadrinucleated cyst

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of cyst

A

*spherical shaped
*12-15 um
*4 nuclei (mature)
*Cytoplasm may contain blunt chromatoid bodies
*Phagocytosed erythrocytes (RBC)

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17
Q

What is the mode of transmission for E.H (cyst)

A

feco-oral
male homosexual
Ingestion

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18
Q

Characteristics of E.H (trophozoite)

size -
nucleus -
cytoplasm -
chromatin -
karyosome -

A

*pseudopodia with clear ectoplasm
* Size 12-30 micrometers
* Nucleus is hardly visible
*Cytoplasm may contain purple-colored,
ingested red cells
* A single nucleus contains reddish,
concentric karyosome, and peripheral
chromatin evenly distributed

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19
Q

Characteristics of E.H (cyst)

size -
nucleus -
cytoplasm -
chromatin -
karyosome -

A
  • Immature, binucleated cyst in stool specimen (1-4 nucleus)
    Trichrome stained
  • Spherical or ovoidal in shape, 12-20 micrometer in diameter
  • Cytoplasm contains reddish-purple colored, cigar-shaped chromatoid bars
  • Each nucleus contains reddish, concentric
    karyosome, and peripheral chromatin evenly distributed
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20
Q

Used for observation of trophozoite

A
  • saline wet mount
  • natural saline solution
  • Iodine wet mount
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21
Q

stained used in E.H cyst

A

Trichrome

22
Q

What are the two forms of amoebiasis

A
  • non-invasive
  • invasive
23
Q

asymptomatic cyst passer/carrier

A

non-insave

24
Q

extraintestinal amebiasis

A

metastasis

25
Q

severe dysentery,
colitis, peritonitis

A

ulcer enlargement

26
Q

two types of amoebiasis

A
  • symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis
  • asymptomatic extraintestinal amoebiasis
27
Q

What is the first stage of symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis

A

Amoebic colitis

28
Q

second stage of symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis. characterized by bloody diarrhea

A

amoebic dysentery

29
Q

may infect lungs

A

amoebic pneumonitis

30
Q

Worldwide, with higher incidence of
amoebiasis in developing countries

A

Geographical distribution

31
Q

Geographical distribution

A

industrialized countries, risk groups
include male homosexuals, travelers
and recent immigrants, and
institutionalized populations

32
Q

inflammatory thickening of
intestinal wall around the abscess (can be
confused with tumor)

A

ameboma

33
Q

occasional ameboma

A

amebic granuloma

34
Q

*Chocolate-colored ‘pus’
*necrotic material
*usually bacteria free
*Lesions expand
*Further metastasis

A

Amebic Liver Abscess

35
Q

*Metastasis via blood stream
*Primarily liver
*Ameba-free stools common

A

Extraintestinal Amebiasis

36
Q

Amoebic pneumonitis also known as

A

pulmonary amoebiasis

37
Q

*Rarely primary
*Rupture of liver abscess through
diaphragm
*2o bacterial infections common
*Fever, cough, dyspnea, pain

A

pulmonary amoebiasis

38
Q

Treatment for Asymptomatic patient

A

Iodoquinol or Paromomycin

39
Q

Treatment for symptomatic patient

A

Metronidazole or Tinidazole

40
Q

What would be the prevention and control

A

Avoid fecal-oral transmission
normally associated with travelers
diarrhea
- handwashing
- ensafe water supply
- thorough cooking of food

41
Q

Same morphologic features as
Entamoeba histolytica but has
genetic and biochemical
differences

A

Entamoeba dispar

42
Q

broad blunt pseudopodia
eccentric karyosome
single nucleus
unevenly distributed peripheral chromatin
20-25 mm

A

Entamoeba coli (trophozoite)

43
Q

Necrosis of mucosa

A

Ulcers, dysentery

44
Q

Ulcer enlargement

A

Severe dysentery, colitis, perotonitis

45
Q

Metastasis

A

Extraintestinal amebiasis

46
Q

Absence of rbc

A

Entamoeba hartmanni

47
Q

Hard to locate under microscope

A

Entamoeba moshkovskii

48
Q

Ingested leukocytes

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

49
Q

Sluggish, non progressive

A

Entamoeba polecki

50
Q

Free living sewerage

A

Entamoeba moshkovskii

PARA LEC PRELIM (3 decks)

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