PROTOZOA

Question 1

Non-motile, Non-Feeding stage, Resistant to acid

Answer 1

Cyst

Question 2

Motile, Feeding stage, Fragile

Answer 2

Trophozoite

Question 3

What are the 3 stages of reproduction

Answer 3

Excystation, Encystation, Binary Fission

Question 4

development/morphologic conversion of trophozoite into cyst

Answer 4

Encystation

Question 5

mode of reproduction of trophozoite

Answer 5

Binary fission

Question 6

development/morphologic conversion of cyst into trophozoite

Answer 6

Excystation

Question 7

General characteristics of protozoa include

Answer 7

• unicellular
• motile
• vary in shape

Question 8

Parts of cytoplasm

Answer 8

• ectoplasm
• endoplasm

Question 9

infective stage

Answer 9

Cyst

Question 10

Most important part of protozoa

Answer 10

Protoplasm

Question 11

sexual reproduction

Answer 11

syngamy

Question 12

asexual reproduction

Answer 12

binary fission

Question 13

example of commonly amoeba

Answer 13

Subphylum darcodina

Question 14

consider as the only pathogenic intestinal amoeba

Answer 14

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 15

What is the infective stage or form of Entamoeba histolytica?

Answer 15

quadrinucleated cyst

Question 16

What are the characteristics of cyst

Answer 16

*spherical shaped
*12-15 um
*4 nuclei (mature)
*Cytoplasm may contain blunt chromatoid bodies
*Phagocytosed erythrocytes (RBC)

Question 17

What is the mode of transmission for E.H (cyst)

Answer 17

feco-oral
male homosexual
Ingestion

Question 18

Characteristics of E.H (trophozoite)

size -
nucleus -
cytoplasm -
chromatin -
karyosome -

Answer 18

*pseudopodia with clear ectoplasm
* Size 12-30 micrometers
* Nucleus is hardly visible
*Cytoplasm may contain purple-colored,
ingested red cells
* A single nucleus contains reddish,
concentric karyosome, and peripheral
chromatin evenly distributed

Question 19

Characteristics of E.H (cyst)

size -
nucleus -
cytoplasm -
chromatin -
karyosome -

Answer 19

• Immature, binucleated cyst in stool specimen (1-4 nucleus)
  Trichrome stained
• Spherical or ovoidal in shape, 12-20 micrometer in diameter
• Cytoplasm contains reddish-purple colored, cigar-shaped chromatoid bars
• Each nucleus contains reddish, concentric
  karyosome, and peripheral chromatin evenly distributed

Question 20

Used for observation of trophozoite

Answer 20

• saline wet mount
• natural saline solution
• Iodine wet mount

Question 21

stained used in E.H cyst

Answer 21

Trichrome

Question 22

What are the two forms of amoebiasis

Answer 22

• non-invasive
• invasive

Question 23

asymptomatic cyst passer/carrier

Answer 23

non-insave

Question 24

extraintestinal amebiasis

Answer 24

metastasis

Question 25

severe dysentery,
colitis, peritonitis

Answer 25

ulcer enlargement

Question 26

two types of amoebiasis

Answer 26

• symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis
• asymptomatic extraintestinal amoebiasis

Question 27

What is the first stage of symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis

Answer 27

Amoebic colitis

Question 28

second stage of symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis. characterized by bloody diarrhea

Answer 28

amoebic dysentery

Question 29

may infect lungs

Answer 29

amoebic pneumonitis

Question 30

Worldwide, with higher incidence of
amoebiasis in developing countries

Answer 30

Geographical distribution

Question 31

Geographical distribution

Answer 31

industrialized countries, risk groups
include male homosexuals, travelers
and recent immigrants, and
institutionalized populations

Question 32

inflammatory thickening of
intestinal wall around the abscess (can be
confused with tumor)

Answer 32

ameboma

Question 33

occasional ameboma

Answer 33

amebic granuloma

Question 34

*Chocolate-colored ‘pus’
*necrotic material
*usually bacteria free
*Lesions expand
*Further metastasis

Answer 34

Amebic Liver Abscess

Question 35

*Metastasis via blood stream
*Primarily liver
*Ameba-free stools common

Answer 35

Extraintestinal Amebiasis

Question 36

Amoebic pneumonitis also known as

Answer 36

pulmonary amoebiasis

Question 37

*Rarely primary
*Rupture of liver abscess through
diaphragm
*2o bacterial infections common
*Fever, cough, dyspnea, pain

Answer 37

pulmonary amoebiasis

Question 38

Treatment for Asymptomatic patient

Answer 38

Iodoquinol or Paromomycin

Question 39

Treatment for symptomatic patient

Answer 39

Metronidazole or Tinidazole

Question 40

What would be the prevention and control

Answer 40

Avoid fecal-oral transmission
normally associated with travelers
diarrhea
- handwashing
- ensafe water supply
- thorough cooking of food

Question 41

Same morphologic features as
Entamoeba histolytica but has
genetic and biochemical
differences

Answer 41

Entamoeba dispar

Question 42

broad blunt pseudopodia
eccentric karyosome
single nucleus
unevenly distributed peripheral chromatin
20-25 mm

Answer 42

Entamoeba coli (trophozoite)

Question 43

Necrosis of mucosa

Answer 43

Ulcers, dysentery

Question 44

Ulcer enlargement

Answer 44

Severe dysentery, colitis, perotonitis

Question 45

Metastasis

Answer 45

Extraintestinal amebiasis

Question 46

Absence of rbc

Answer 46

Entamoeba hartmanni

Question 47

Hard to locate under microscope

Answer 47

Entamoeba moshkovskii

Question 48

Ingested leukocytes

Answer 48

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 49

Sluggish, non progressive

Answer 49

Entamoeba polecki

Question 50

Free living sewerage

Answer 50

Entamoeba moshkovskii