Protostomes Flashcards
Two major groups of protostomes
Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa
Four major groups of Lophotrochozoa
Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Rotifera, Mollusca
Key traits of Lophotrochozoa
having lophophore
Key traits of Rotifera
pseduocoelom, parthenogenesis, crown of cilia, no T/L
3 sub groups of platyhelminthes?
Flatworms, planarians, tapeworms
3 type of flatworms?
TCT– turbellaria, cestoda, trematoda
key traits of platyhelminthes?
flat and broad, sac body plan, no T/L, often parasitic, acoelomates
Two subgroups of annelida?
Errantians, Sedentarians
Key traits of annelida?
segmented worms/bodies, coelomates, have setae, hermaphrodites, closed circulation, trocophore larva
key traits of errantians?
more motile, have parapodia and lots of setae, have jaws and sensory organs for predation, most are polychaetes
key traits of sedentarians?
tend to be loss mobile, tube dwellers, oligochaetes(not many setae), example are leeches and earthworms
facts about leeches?
aquatic and terrestrial, predatory/parasitic, secrete hirudin
facts about earthworms?
alimentary canal, good for soil, hermaphrodites
4 sub groups of mollusca?
Bivalvia, gastropoda, cephalopoda, polyplachophora
key traits of mollusca?
most diverse lophos, trochophore, aquatic/terrestrial, soft bodies with reduced coelom, have foot/mantle/visceral mass and some have radula
characters of polyplacophora?
8 calcium carbonate plates, unsegmented, muscular foot and radula, live in intertidal areas, sexual reproduction via internal fertilization, trochophore
characters of gastropoda?
only mollusc that can be terrestrial, most have spiral shell, embryonic torsion, large foot, dioecious and some herm and parth
characters of bivalvia?
all aquatic, hinged shell held by adductor muscles, no head or radula, suspension feeders, sexual external, two larval stages(trochophore, veliger)
characters of nematoda?
roundworms, unsegmented, no appendages, pseudocoelom, cuticle, longitudinal muscles, no circulatory system, free living or parasitic
two major groups of ecdysozoa?
nematoda, arthropoda
body plan of arthropoda?
segmented, paired jointes appendages, chitin exoskeleton, cuticle(head and trunk too)
What type of circulatory system do arthropoda have?
open circulatory system
type of body cavity for arthropoda?
reduced coelom– hemocoel
arthropod lineages?
chelicerata, myriapoda, pancrustacea–(includes hexapoda)
two groupings of myriapoda?
diplomada(millipedes) and chilopoda(centipedes)
diplopoda and chilopoda difference?
diplopoda arte detritovores and herbivores, chilopoda are predators
myriapoda characteristics?
pair of antennae and three pairs of appendages modified as mouth parts, jaw like mandibles, dioecious , internal fertilization
Pancrustacea sub groups?
crustaceans and hexapoda(insects)
crustacean examples?
crab, lobster, shrimp, barnacles etc.
key traits of crustaceans?
two pairs of antennae, specialized appendages, legs from thorax
groups of crustaceans?
isopods, barnacles, copepods, decapods
hexapoda distinguishing feature?
wings, can fly
hexapoda reproduction?
sexual, dioecious, internal, some can be parthenogens
hexapoda undergo what..?
metamorphosis
hexapoda body?
head, thorax, abdomen, compound or simple eyes and six legs, four mouth part appendages, one antenna pair
Chelicerata groupings?
AXE, arachnids, xiphosurids/pyncgonids, eurypterids
chelicerta key body features?
no antennae, SIMPLE eyes, cephalothorax and abdomen
type of arachnids?
spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, harvestmen(opiliones)
arachnid anatomy – key features
four pairs of walking legs, book lungs, pedipalps
