Protists, Fungi, and Plants

Question 1

any of a diverse taxonomic group and especially a kingdom (Protista syn. Protoctista) of eukaryotic organisms that are unicellular and sometimes colonial or less often multicellular and that typically include the protozoans, most algae, and often some fungi (as slime molds)

Answer 1

Protist

Question 2

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

Answer 2

Heterotroph

Question 3

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus

Answer 3

Eukaryote

Question 4

an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

Answer 4

Decomposer

Question 5

an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host’s expense

Answer 5

Parasite

Question 6

an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives

Answer 6

Host

Question 7

any of a group of unicellular, multicellular, or syncytial spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.

Answer 7

Fungi

Question 8

a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.

Answer 8

Spore

Question 9

a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crustlike, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.

Answer 9

Lichen

Question 10

a plant that is characterized by the presence of conducting tissue.

Answer 10

Vascular plant

Question 11

plants without a vascular system (xylem and phloem)

Answer 11

Nonvascular plant

Question 12

a plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. Gymnosperms include the conifers, cycads, and ginkgo.

Answer 12

Gymnosperm

Question 13

a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel. The angiosperms are a large group and include herbaceous plants, shrubs, grasses, and most trees.

Answer 13

Angiosperm

Question 14

he process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water

Answer 14

Photosynthesis

Question 15

what cells do to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy

Answer 15

Cellular respiration

Question 16

the process where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through pores in their leaves

Answer 16

Transpiration

Question 17

the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus

Answer 17

Tropism

Question 18

a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity

Answer 18

Gravitropism

Question 19

the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light or away from it

Answer 19

Phototropism

Question 20

a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only

Answer 20

Asexual Reproduction

Question 21

a disease caused by toxoplasmas, transmitted chiefly through undercooked meat, or in soil or cat feces

Answer 21

Toxoplasmosis

Question 22

an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades the red blood cells. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical and subtropical regions.

Answer 22

Malaria

Question 23

an intestinal infection marked by abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea

Answer 23

Giardia