Protists

Question 1

6 super groups

Can rubbing an egg arouse onself?

Answer 1

1. Chromalveolata
2. Rhizaria
3. Archeplastida (inc. plants)
4. Excavata
5. Amoebozoa
6. Opisthokonta(fungi/ animals)

Question 2

Chromalveolata

does anyone cum during golden and brown orgies?

Answer 2

• dinoflagellates
• apicomplexans
• ciliates
• diatoms
• Golden & brown algae
• Oomycytes

Question 3

Excavata

does poop exfoliate?

Answer 3

• Diplomonas
• Parabasalids
• Euglenozoans

Question 4

Chrmomoalvelata ancestors

x2

Answer 4

Stramenophiles
&
Alveolates

Question 5

Rhizaria

REALLY clever fatties run

Answer 5

• cercozoans
• Forams
• Radiolarians

Question 6

Archaeplastida

A really cool cat listens

Answer 6

• red algae
• Chlorophytes (green algae)
• Charophytes (green algae)
• Land Plants

Question 7

Amoebozoa

Answer 7

• slime molds
• Gymnamobas
• Entamoebas

Question 8

Opisthokonta

never forget current affairs

Answer 8

• nuclearids
• FUNGI
• Choanoflagellates
• ANIMALS

Question 9

Eukaryote characteristics

Answer 9

• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Cytoskeleton
• Flagella (different from prokaryote flagella)
• Linear chromosomes
• Mitosis

Question 10

ProK vs. EuK: Who came first?

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

Question 11

Endosymbiotic theory

Answer 11

1. Prokaryote engulfs another
2. Engulfed ProK began functioning as mitochondria / chloroplast
3. endomembrane components arose

Question 12

evidence of Endosymbiotic theory

Answer 12

circular chromosome (ribosome) present in mitochondrial

Question 13

Heterotrophic protist

Answer 13

protozoa

Question 14

autotrophic protists

Answer 14

algae

Question 15

unicellular algae

Answer 15

autotrophic : phytoplnkton

Question 16

multicellular

Answer 16

autotrophic: seaweed (not plant!)

Question 17

Protist cell structure characteristics

Answer 17

• mostly microscopic/ unicellular
• live colonially
• multinucleated blobs of slime
• some have animal-like cell membrane
• others have plant - like cell wall

Question 18

Protist metabolism

Answer 18

autotrophs: photosynthesize
heterotrophs:
- some are mixotrophs (euglena)

Question 19

Protist motility

Answer 19

• cilia (paramecium)
• pseudopod (amoeba)
• flagella ( euglena)

Question 20

Protist Lifecycle

Answer 20

Asexual : binary fission/ budding

- cyst formation (dormant until optimal)

Question 21

Excavata characteristic

Answer 21

• asymmetrical
• single celled
• feeding groove “excavated “ on one side
• auto/ heterotrophs inc.)

Question 22

Excavata examples (1&2)

Answer 22

1. diplomonads:
   - giardiasis labella
   - Beaver fever (cysts)
2. Parabasilids:
   - trichomoanas (std)

Question 23

Excavata ex. 3 & 4

Answer 23

3. Euglenozoans:
   - Euglena (mixotroph)
   - trypanosoma (STD)- OUTSIDE RBC

Question 24

Chromalveolata

Answer 24

• alveolates & stramenophiles

Question 25

ALVEOLATE ex.

Answer 25

- dinoflagellates (plankton), red tide - Apicomplexans - Ciliates

Question 26

Stramenophiles

Answer 26

- diatoms - brown algae - Oomycytes

Question 27

alveolates

Answer 27

(chromalveolata) - Plasmodium (malaria) - Inside RBC!

Question 28

Ciliates

Answer 28

(chromalveolata) | - Paramecium (have cilia)

Question 29

Diatoms

Answer 29

(chromalveolata ----> stramenophiles) geometric with glassy cell walls - unicellular/ photosynthetic

Question 30

Bron algae

Answer 30

(chromalveolata ----> stramenophiles) | - Macroscopic seaweed

Question 31

Oomycytes

Answer 31

(chromalveolata ----> stramenophiles) - no longer fungi - potato famine

Question 32

Rhizaria

Answer 32

amoebas/ pseudo- pods (thread-like/ needle) | - Radiolarians (glassy w/ holes)

Question 33

Archaeplastida

Answer 33

- red algae - green algae - Land plants

Question 34

Charophytes

Answer 34

Green Algae | - closest to land plants

Question 35

Chlorophytes

Answer 35

Green Algae - micro & macroscopic - volvox/ spirogyra - sea lettuce

Question 36

Amoebozoa

Answer 36

amoeba with flat, large pseudopods | - large nucleus

Question 37

Slime molds

Answer 37

amoebozoa - scarce food; slug like - plenty: spores form - multinucleated

Question 38

Opisthokonta

Answer 38

single flagellum - animals - fungi - choanoflagellate

Question 39

Choanoflagellates

Answer 39

(opisthokonta) - live colonially - "animal like"

Question 40

Ecology of protists

Answer 40

- phytoplankton; feed hoards - dinoflagellates symbiotic w/ coral - human and plant pathogens (malaria/ oomycytes) - decomposers; fossil fuel