Protists Flashcards
Protists play a key role in _______ ecosystems
aquatic
Some protists also inhabit _____ ecosystems
moist terrestrial
photosynthetic protists are…
major producers in the world’s oceans
Non-photosynthetic protists are…
important consumers, especially microscopic ones that are the base of aquatic food chains
Some parasitic protists can cause what serious diseases?
-malaria
-sleeping sickness
-amoebic dysentery
-beaver fever (giardiasis)
helpful protists:
-Nori/Porphyra (type of seaweed)
-agar
-carrageenan
what are agar and carrageenan used for:
-food additives
-toothpaste
-cosmetics
-paints
What were the first eukaryotic organisms?
Protists
How did the first cells with a nucleus form? (protists)
when the outer layer of an old simple cell folded in
What cell parts have 2 membranes?
-Mitochondria
-Chloroplasts
How are mitochondria and chloroplasts like bacteria?
-have inner membranes
-have their own DNA
how do mitochondria and chloroplasts make more of themselves?
They copy themselves by splitting in half (binary fission), like bacteria
explain endosymbiosis
-when one tiny thing lives inside another
-A long time ago, big cells swallowed bacteria, but instead of digesting them, they worked together
what are the most diverse kingdom of eukaryotes
protists
Haploid:
-Cells that contains half of the usual genetic information
-Designated “n”
Diploid:
-Cells that contain two copies of every chromosome (normal)
-Designated “2n”
What are multicellular protists like?
-They are complex
-Some make sperm and egg cells
Are sperm and egg cells haploid or diploid?
Haploid (they have half the usual DNA)
What happens when a sperm and egg join?
They make a zygote
Are most zygotes haploid or diploid?
Diploid (they have a full set of DNA)
What is alteration of generations?
a life cycle with 2 stages:
Haploid and Diploid
What do diploid organisms make?
Spores that grow into haploid organisms
What do haploid organisms do?
They join together to make diploid organisms
What do diploid organisms grow into?
Sporophytes, which start the cycle again
