Protiens And Amino Acids

Question 1

Monomer

Answer 1

One amino acid

Question 2

Dipeptide

Answer 2

Two amino acids

Question 3

Polypeptide

Answer 3

Three or more amino acids

Question 4

Protein

Answer 4

One or more polypeptide chains

Question 5

Amino acid group

Answer 5

carbon joined to an amino group, a hydrogen, a carboxylic acid group and a variable (R) group

Question 6

Formation of a dipeptide

Answer 6

Condensation reaction, creating water and joining the carbon to the nitrogen

Question 7

Primary structure of an amino acid

Answer 7

Polypeptide with only peptide bonds between the -COOH of one and the -H2N of another
Condensation reaction

Question 8

Secondary structure of an amino acid

Answer 8

Alpha helix or beta sheet
Hydrogen bonds between oxygen (-CO) of first amino group and the hydrogen (NH2) of the other.
Depending on how they bond, the chain folds differently.

Question 9

Tertiary structure of an amino acid

Answer 9

Alpha helix or beta sheet may be coiled or folded into a 3D structure
The shape is precise and specific to the function of the polypeptide
Driven by bonds in the R group.

Question 10

Quaternary structure (only when the protein has more than one polypeptide chain)

Answer 10

Weak intermolecular forces hold the polypeptides together eg haemoglobin

Question 11

R group bonds

Answer 11

Hydrogen bonds / ionic bonds / hydrophobic interactions / disulphide bridges (when sulphur is present in both)