Protien Synthesis Flashcards
What could happen if an antibody molecule had an amino acid in the wrong place?
This could end up in the antibody molecule being in the wrong shape and therefore unable to work properly.
Sumerian how DNA enables a cell to make a particular protein.
DNA is responsible for getting the correct amount of amino acid units joined up in the correct order.
List two differences between a molecule of DNA and RNA.
DNA:
Sugar= deoxyribose
Base a,t,g,c
Structure double helix
RNA:
Sugar ribose
Base a,u,g,c
Structure single helix
What is the enzyme that unzips the DNA?
Helicase
What shape is DNA and RNA?
DNA: double helix
RNA: SINGLE strand
What does C stand for?
Cytosine
What does A stand for?
Adenine
What does T stand for?
Thymine
What does G stand for?
Guanine
What is Cytosines complimentary base?
Guanine
What is Adenines complimentary base?
Thymine/uracil
What is Thymines/uracils complimentary base?
Adenine
What does U stand for?
Uracil
What is the backbone of DNA made up of?
Phosphate and sugar (deoxyribose)
What is RNA’s backbone made up of?
Phosphate and sugar (ribose)
What is what are the exposed bases called on a DNA strand?
Template strand.
In RNA, what is uricil for?
To replace thymine.
What is used to make the mRNA?
Nucleotides
How do nucleotides know where to go? :(
They are attracted to their complimentary bases! ;)
Once the mRNA is made, where does it go?
It passes through the nuclear membrane through a nuclear pore into the cytoplasm.
In the DNA, what is a set of 3 bases called?
Triplet code.
Where does transcription take place?
In the nucleus of a cell.
Where does translation take place?
In the cytoplasm.
What is the enzyme that reads the mRNA?
Ribosome
How many condons can be fitted on to the ribosome at any one time?
2
What is attracted to the condons attached to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA = tRNA
What part of the tRNA is attracted to the condon?
The anticodon that has the correct sequence of complimentary base pairs.
Why must the tRNA be specific to the curtain condon?
The tRNA has amino acids attached which must be sucured in the correct place.
What happens once the condons are attached to the tRNA.
Once the condons are attached to the the anti condons the amino acids attached to the tRNA they form a peptide link.
What happens to the tRNA after they have given up their amino acid?
They go to find another amino acid.
How does the process know when to stop?
There is a codon that has a code that tells it to stop.
What happens to the amino acids?
They form a polypeptide which joins with other polypeptides to make a protein.
How many types of amino acids are there?
20
