Proteus

Question 1

➢Characteristics of Proteus

Answer 1

● Gram (-ve) bacilli

● Oxidase (-ve)

● Catalase (+ve)

● Facultative anaerobes

● Can ferment glucose

● Non lactose fermenter

Question 2

➢Diseases of proteus

Answer 2

● UTI.اهم

By urease (Struvite stones) composed of magnesium , ammonium and phosphate. These stones:

● Prevent the elimination of urine.

● Damages the endothelium.

● The alkaline environment helps in multiplication of bacteria.

● Pneumonia .

● Wound infection.

● Septicaemia.

Question 3

➢Biotypes of proteus ما مهم نص نص

Answer 3

● Proteus Mirabilis.

● Proteus Vulgaris.

Question 4

➢Presentation of the case of proteus

Answer 4

Starts as Cystitis (dysuria , urgency, frequency) and continues as Pyelonephritis (fever, chills, flank pain) due to stones.

Question 5

➢Virulence factors of proteus

Answer 5

● Very strong urease (causes stones).

● Strong flagella (movement).

Question 6

Antigens of proteus

Answer 6

● H: flagella —- present.♦️

● O: cell wall —- present♦️ (in all enterobacteriaceae).

● K: capsule —- not present (not capsulated)

Question 7

➢Diagnosis of proteus

Answer 7

1. Specimen collection:

Mid-stream urine (because it’s not contaminated.)

2. Microscopy: Gram (-ve) bacilli
3. Culture:

● Blood agar = swarming movement. (Characteristic of proteus.)

● MacConkey agar = pale colonies

● CLED medium (Cystine Lactose electrolyte deficient medium):

suppress the motility.

● TSI

Biochemical tests :

● Urease (+ve).

● Indole :

• Proteus Mirabilis (-ve)
• Proteus Vulgaris (+ve)

UTI patients are infected with Proteus Vulgaris .

Question 8

➢Treatment of proteus

Answer 8

Ciprofloxacin or Ampicillin.

Question 9

★How to differentiate between Proteus and the other bacteria?

Answer 9

● Urease.

● Phenylalanine deaminase.