Proteins and enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary structure of a protein?

A

The sequence of amino acids

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2
Q

What is the secondary structure?

A

When hydrogen bonds form between peptide links and the chain can coil into alpha helix or fold into beta pleated sheets.

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3
Q

What is the tertiary structure?

A

The polypeptide chain often coils and folds further

Extra bonds form between different parts of the polypeptide chain which gives the protein a 3d shape.

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4
Q

What factors can affect the shape of the protein

A

Temperature and pH

As these affect hydrogen boning and Disulfide bonding

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5
Q

How is a Disulfide bond formed?

A

Cysteine contains a thiol group (-SH-)

thiols can lose their hydrogen atoms and join together to form a Disulfide bond.

Disulfide bonds help to stabilise the tertiary structure

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6
Q

What does it mean if an enzyme’s active site is stereospecific?

A

The active site will only work on one enantiomer of the substrate

the other enantiomer will not be able to fit onto the active site, so the enzyme cant work on it

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