Proteins Flashcards
Enzyme
Biological catalysts that increase reaction rate and control biological processed
How can proteins be classified on basis of shape
Fibrous (elongated and insoluble) further classified as collagens (connective tissue), elastins (elastic tissue) and keratins (horn/nail/wool/hair). Globular (oval and soluble)
Name the ends of a protein chain
N-terminus is the end with the amino group C-terminus is the end with the carboxyl group
Isoelectric point
The pH at which the charge of a protein is 0
Electrophoresis
a method of seperating proteins based on charge by seperating them through agar gel in an electric field
Ion exchange chromatography
a method of seperating proteins based on charge where as pH is changed proteins with only a specific charge can pass through a charged bead matrix
Gel Filtration
passing proteins through a gel matrix where proteins of different sizes move through at different rates
Isoelectric point ppt
when the pH of the solution is at the proteins isoelectric point the protein looses it’s charge and becomes its least soluble and may precipitate
(NH4)2SO4 ppt
Specific concentrations of (NH4)2SO4 precipitate specific proteins by taking place of water molecules around the protein that allows it dissolve.
Primary structure
sequence of amino acids
Edmand Degredation Technique
A method of sequencing proteins where amino acids are removed one by one from the N-terminus by using the edmans reagent followed by trifluoroacetic acid.
Secondary structure
alpha helix and beta sheet
Tertiary structure
Complex folding of the overall protein
Quaternary structure
multiple polypeptides coming together to form a protein
Denature
Protein loosing structure or function by organic solvent (H bonds), detergents (Hydrophobic bonds), pH change (electrostatic bonds) and heat (non-covalent bonds)
