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Bio 2: Genes and Health > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define protein

A

Polymer built up from long chains of amino acids

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2
Q

Define amino acid

A

Monomers that make up proteins

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3
Q

Draw an amino acid

A

See notes

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4
Q

How is a dipeptide formed?

A

When 2 amino acids join together through a condensation reaction

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5
Q

How is a polypeptide formed?

A

When more than 2 amino acids join together through a condensation reaction

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6
Q

What is a peptide bond?

A

The bond between amino aids in all proteins

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7
Q

What are the 4 types of protein?

A
  • Enzymes
  • Antibodies
  • Transport
  • Structural
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8
Q

Why is the structure of a protein important?

A

Essential to its function and properties

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9
Q

What is the primary structure of a protein?

A

Sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

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10
Q

What are the bonds formed in the primary structure of a protein?

A

Peptide bonds

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11
Q

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

A

Long chains of amino acids folded into regions with repeating patterns: alpha helix/beta pleated sheet

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12
Q

What are the bonds in the secondary structure of a protein?

A
  • Peptide bonds

- Hydrogen bonds

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13
Q

What is the tertiary structure of a protein? 2

A
  • The final 3D resting shape of a protein

- The coiled/folded chain of amino acids is coiled/folded further

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14
Q

What are the bonds in the tertiary structure of a protein? 5

A
  • Peptide bonds
  • Hydrogen bonds
  • Dilsulphide bridges
  • Ionic bonds
  • Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions
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15
Q

What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

A

Proteins made from more than 1 polypeptide chain to form its final 3D resting shape

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16
Q

What bonds are not broken when proteins denature? 2

A
  • Peptide bonds

- Disulphide bridges

17
Q

Describe a globular protein 4

A
  • Round, compact
  • Multiple polypetide chains coiled up
  • Hydrophohic parts of chains face inwards and hydrophilic parts face outwards
  • Soluble are easily transported in liquids
18
Q

Describe a fibrous protein e.g collagen 5

A
  • Rope shape
  • Multiple polypeptide chains coiled up
  • Held together by disulphide bridges and hydrogen bonds
  • Very strong so found in supportive tissue
  • Insoluble

Bio 2: Genes and Health (9 decks)

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