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Exercise Science 301 > PROTEINS > Flashcards

PROTEINS Flashcards

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1
Q

The average persons body contains __ kg of proteins

A

10-12 kg

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2
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino Acids

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3
Q

What determines AA

A

Side chain

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4
Q

What is the process that makes a dipeptide

A

when OH AND H leave AA the molecule combines and forms a dipeptide.

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5
Q

dipeptide has _ AA and _ bonds

A

2 AA ans 1 bonds

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6
Q

Tripeptide has _AA and _ bonds

A

3 AA and 2 bonds

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7
Q

Polypeptide has _ AA

A

100 AA

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8
Q

Proteins have _ AA

A

more than 100

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9
Q

How many essential AA are there?

A

20

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10
Q

Linking AA creates an almost infinite number of possible ____

A

proteins

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11
Q

How many essential AA can not be synthesize and must be consumed from food

A

8

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12
Q

Non- essential AA are not made in the body T or F

A

F they are made in the body

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13
Q

Name 3 essential AA

A

Trp
valine
isoleucine

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14
Q

Essential AA Methionine makes _ a non essential AA

A

Cystine

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15
Q

Essential AA Phenylalanine makes _ a non essential AA

A

Tyrosine

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16
Q

How do you consume high quality proteins/ complete proteins? do they contain all essential AA?

A

come from food. contain all essential AA

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17
Q

What does an incomplete protein/ low quality protein lack?

A

one or more essential AA (malnutrition)

18
Q

Why are Grains and Legumes no considered to have essential AA?

A

do not have all essential AA

19
Q

What is an Lactovegetarian?

A

adding milk to the diet

20
Q

Which AA do grains lack

A

lysine

21
Q

Which AA do legumes lack

A

methionine

22
Q

What is an Ovolactovegetarian

A

adding egg to the diet

23
Q

Adding milk to your diet increase what in the body

A

Calcium, B12, and phosphorus

24
Q

Adding eggs to diet insures high _____

A

quality protein

25
Q

When N detached from AA. What is this called?

A

deamination

26
Q

Does increasing protein intake enhance performance?

A

No

27
Q

When N leaves the AA group what happens to it

A

it is excreted via urination

28
Q

how can excess nitrogen cause damage to the body

A

strain kidneys and liver

29
Q

What is the recommend protein intake?

A

.8g/kg x body weight

30
Q

when does protein catabolism accelerate?

A

during exs as carb reserves deplete.

31
Q

Why do well trained athletes have to maintain optimal levels of liver and muscle glycogen?

A

to avoid loosing lean muscle mass

32
Q

Why do the proteins in the nervous and connective tissue not participate in energy metabolism.

A

the hold on to protect nervous and connective tissue

33
Q

where does alanine deaminate?

A

liver

34
Q

Where does transamination occur

A

muscles

35
Q

Briefly explain the Glucose/Alanine cycle.

A

glucose in the liver turn into pyruvate and lactate

36
Q

where is protein located in the body

A

muscle, blood and visceral

37
Q

RBC contain __ % of protein

A

20%

38
Q

Brain contain __ % of protein

A

10%

39
Q

Muscle contains __ % of protein

A

65%

40
Q

What role does protein play in DNA, RNA, NAD+FAD, hem, myoglobin and catecholamine.

A

incorporates N

41
Q

do protein activate vitamins

A

yes

42
Q

what is a protein buffer

A

captures H and makes blood less acidic

Exercise Science 301 (6 decks)

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