PROTEINS Flashcards
The average persons body contains __ kg of proteins
10-12 kg
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino Acids
What determines AA
Side chain
What is the process that makes a dipeptide
when OH AND H leave AA the molecule combines and forms a dipeptide.
dipeptide has _ AA and _ bonds
2 AA ans 1 bonds
Tripeptide has _AA and _ bonds
3 AA and 2 bonds
Polypeptide has _ AA
100 AA
Proteins have _ AA
more than 100
How many essential AA are there?
20
Linking AA creates an almost infinite number of possible ____
proteins
How many essential AA can not be synthesize and must be consumed from food
8
Non- essential AA are not made in the body T or F
F they are made in the body
Name 3 essential AA
Trp
valine
isoleucine
Essential AA Methionine makes _ a non essential AA
Cystine
Essential AA Phenylalanine makes _ a non essential AA
Tyrosine
How do you consume high quality proteins/ complete proteins? do they contain all essential AA?
come from food. contain all essential AA
What does an incomplete protein/ low quality protein lack?
one or more essential AA (malnutrition)
Why are Grains and Legumes no considered to have essential AA?
do not have all essential AA
What is an Lactovegetarian?
adding milk to the diet
Which AA do grains lack
lysine
Which AA do legumes lack
methionine
What is an Ovolactovegetarian
adding egg to the diet
Adding milk to your diet increase what in the body
Calcium, B12, and phosphorus
Adding eggs to diet insures high _____
quality protein
When N detached from AA. What is this called?
deamination
Does increasing protein intake enhance performance?
No
When N leaves the AA group what happens to it
it is excreted via urination
how can excess nitrogen cause damage to the body
strain kidneys and liver
What is the recommend protein intake?
.8g/kg x body weight
when does protein catabolism accelerate?
during exs as carb reserves deplete.
Why do well trained athletes have to maintain optimal levels of liver and muscle glycogen?
to avoid loosing lean muscle mass
Why do the proteins in the nervous and connective tissue not participate in energy metabolism.
the hold on to protect nervous and connective tissue
where does alanine deaminate?
liver
Where does transamination occur
muscles
Briefly explain the Glucose/Alanine cycle.
glucose in the liver turn into pyruvate and lactate
where is protein located in the body
muscle, blood and visceral
RBC contain __ % of protein
20%
Brain contain __ % of protein
10%
Muscle contains __ % of protein
65%
What role does protein play in DNA, RNA, NAD+FAD, hem, myoglobin and catecholamine.
incorporates N
do protein activate vitamins
yes
what is a protein buffer
captures H and makes blood less acidic
