PROTEINS Flashcards
structure of an amino acids
COHN
amino group
NH2
carboxyl group
-COOH
variable group
is an R group that can by hydrophilic or hydrophobic
can have different charge
what is the simplest amino acid
glycine
properties of an amino acid
soluble
same basic structure always have an amino group and a carboxyl group
cannot be stored in the body
why are amino acids got as buffers
amphoteric meaning the carboxyl group can donate H+ ion and the amino group can accept H+ ions
this means amino acids can buffer changes in Ph.
buffer = resist
what’s the reaction in a amino acid
condensation reaction
a peptide bond is formed
two amino acids are called
dipetide
more than two amino acids are called
polypeptide
what is a primary structure
specific to each protein
coded for the DNA
specific sequence of amino acids that make a polypeptide chain
what is the secondary structure
when primary structure for a helix or pleated shape
stable structure maintained by hydrogen bonding
what is the tertiary structure
when secondary structure is formed into a complex shape
irregular shape
the R group plays an important role in maintaining the shape
4 types of bonds -
disulfide
ionic
hydrogen
hydrophobic and hydrophilic
whats a disulfide bond
whats a ionic bond
whats a hydrogen bond
what does hydrophobic and hydrophilic mean
what is a quaternary structure
consists of more than one polypeptide chain
what are peptide bonds
what are hydrogen bonds
what two structure can tertiary and quaternary have
fibrous
globular
properties of a fibrous structure
compact
insoluble
strong long molecules
high proportion of amino acids with hydrophobic r groups
keratin and elastin
properties of a globular
spherical shape
soluble - for chemical reactions and muscle contraction
folded to keep phobic in and phillic out
insulin
what is an ion
an atom that has an electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons
what is an inorganic ion
don’t contain carbon
how to test for protein
buriet solution in a test tube
which is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate
turns purple if present
cations
+
calcium
sodium
potassium
hydrogen
ammonium
anions
-
nitrate
hydrogen carbonate
chloride
phosphate
hydroxide
how to test for starch
how to test for lipids
how to test for a reducing sugar
how to test for a non reducing sugar
what is a bio sensor
