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Cell Biology > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 5 classes of amino acids?

A

1)non-polar aliphatic
2)non-polar aromatic
3)polar uncharged
4)negatively charged
5)positively charged

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2
Q

What is the significance of non-polar?

A

Hydrophobic

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3
Q

What his the primary structure of proteins?

A

Sequence of polypeptides related by PEPTIDE bonds

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4
Q

What is the main bond of the secondary structure of protein?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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5
Q

What is the difference between alpha helix and beta pleated sheet?

A

Alpha helix:
-amino acid are all in the same direction

Beta pleated sheet:
-amino acids are oriented in different directions

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6
Q

What is the tertiary structure of protein?

A

H bonds salt bridges disulphide bridges van der Waals — between R groups

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7
Q

What are the type of reactions in the tertiary structure of protein?

A

Hydrophobic reactions

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8
Q

What is the quaternary structure of proteins?

A

H bonds salt bridges disulphide bridges van der Waals — R groups of DIFFERENT polypeptides

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9
Q

What the main concept of dénaturation of protein?

A

Unfolding them so they loses their functions

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10
Q

What is an exemple of a conditions that could cause the dénaturation of a protein?

A

-heat
-pH change
-ionic concentration

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11
Q

What can break down the quaternary structure of protein?

A

Dissociation

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12
Q

What is the principle of dehydration synthesis?

A

Monomers joined by removal of OH in the first monomer and removal of H in the second monomer.

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13
Q

What is the concept of hydrolysis?

A

Adding water to a polymer so the monomers are released

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14
Q

What are the key functions of proteins?

A

Everything in the cell is carried out by them

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15
Q

What is the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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16
Q

What is an amino acid?

A

A polypeptide

17
Q

What is the polymer of proteins?

A

Polypeptides

18
Q

Where are proteins located in the cell?

A

In the membrane

19
Q

What are 5 types of proteins?

A

1-digestive enzymes
2-Transport
3-Structural
4-Storage
5-Défense
-hormones

20
Q

What is the function of digestive enzyme?

A

Catabolize nutrients into monomerics units

21
Q

What is the function of transport proteins?

A

Carry substances in the blood or lymph throughout the body

22
Q

What is the function of structural proteins?

A

Construct different structures (ex: cytoskeleton)

23
Q

What is the function of storage proteins?

A

Provide nourishment in early embryo development and the seeding

24
Q

What is the function of defense proteins?

A

Protect the body from foreign pathogens

25
Q

What would be a good exemple of a defense protein and what would be his function?

A

Antibodies: Y shape sticks to antigens

Cell Biology (10 decks)

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