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Long Exam (Biochem) > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

meaning first of importance

A

proteios

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2
Q

polypeptide of defined sequence

A

Proteins

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3
Q
  • Most abundant of cellular components
A

proteins

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4
Q

composed of alpha-amino acids

A

proteins

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5
Q

Function/role of proteins

A
  1. Enzymatic catalyst
  2. Transport and storage
  3. Coordinated motion
  4. Mechanical support
  5. Immune protection
  6. Generation and transmission of nerve impulses
  7. Control of growth and differentiation
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6
Q

Basic structural unit of protein

A

amino acids

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7
Q

the common features of amino acids

A

-carboxyl group
-amino group
-R — group or side chain

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8
Q

linked together by dehydration synthesis

A

amino acids

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9
Q

amide bond

A

peptide bond

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10
Q

placement of terminal ends

A

n- termanus — c-termanus

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11
Q

Mono amino carboxyl (GVITALS)

A
  • Glycine (Gly)
    -Valine (Val)
    -Leucine (Leu)
    -Isoleucine (Ile)
    -Threonine (Thr)
    -Alanine (Ala)
    -Leucine (Leu)
    -Serine (Ser)
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12
Q
  1. Mono amino dicarboxy/ic and amide derivatives (GAGA)
A

Glutamic Acid (Glu)
Glutamine (Gin)
Aspartic acid (Asp)
Asparagine (Asn)

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13
Q

Diamino carboxylic (LA)

A

-Lysine (Lys)
-Arginine (Arg)

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14
Q

Sulfur containing

A

-Cysteine (CYS)
-Cystine (Cys-Cys)
-Methionine (Met)

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15
Q

Aromatic

A

-Phenylalanine (Phe)
-Tyrosine (Tyr)

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16
Q

Heterocyclic

A

-Histidine (His)
-Proline (Pro)
-Tryptophan (Trp)

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17
Q

Classes of amino acids

A

-Neutral amino acid
-Acidic amino acid
-Basic amino acid

18
Q

have the same no. of amino and carboxyl group

A

Neutral amino acids

19
Q

have more carboxyl groups than amino groups ( aspartic acid and glutamic acid)

A
  1. Acidic amino acid
20
Q

have more amino groups than carboxyl groups ( Lysine, Arginine and Histidine)

A

Basic amino acid

21
Q
  • Ability of amino acids to react either as acid or base
A

Amphoterism

22
Q

-* a common form in which amino acids exist
- dipolar ion

A

Zwitterions

23
Q

concentration of the dipolar ion is at its maximum level

A

Isoelectric Point (PI)

24
Q

Classification of Protein Based on Solubility Properties

A
  • simple proteins
  • conjugated proteins
25
Q

yield only amino acids or their derivatives when hydrolyzed.

A

simple proteins

26
Q

those that are composed of simple proteins combined with some non-protein substances

A

conjugated proteins

27
Q

Subclasses of simple proteins

A

1.1 Albumin
1.2 Globulins
1.3 Glutelins
1.4 Scleroproteins or Albuminoids
1.5 Collagens
1.6 Keratin
1.7 Prolamins

28
Q

Subclasses of conjugated proteins

A

1.1 Nucleoproteins
1.2 Mucoproteins or Mucoids
1.3Chromoproteins
1.4Phosphoproteins
1.5 Lipoproteins
1.6 Metalloproteins

29
Q

Classification of Proteins Acc. to Three Dimensional Shape

A

-fibrous proteins
-globular proteins

30
Q

consist of polypeptide chain arranged side by side in long filaments.

A

. Fibrous proteins

31
Q

coiled into compact and nearly spherical shapes

A

Globular proteins

32
Q

Classification of Proteins Acc. to Function

A
  1. Enzymes
  2. Hormones
  3. Protective proteins
  4. Storage Proteins
  5. Structural Proteins
  6. Transport proteins
33
Q

Four Levels of Protein Organization

A
  • primary structure
  • secondary structure
  • tertiary structure
  • Quarternary structure
34
Q
  • refers to the stable amino acid sequence that establish definite amino acid sequence in a protein
A

Primary structure

35
Q
  • refers to the regular repetitive conformation of amino acids that are spatially closed to one another
A

secondary structure

36
Q
  • 3D shape that arises from further foldings of its polypeptide chains, foldings superimposed on the coils of the a-helices
A

tertiary structure

37
Q
  • concerns interaction by which two or more polypeptide chains associate in a specific manner to form biologically active proteins
A

quarternary structure

38
Q

change in the native structure of proteins brought about by breaking of any bond except the peptide bond

A

denaturation

39
Q

test for proteins and amino acid

A

-xanthroproteic test
-biuret test
- ninhydrin test

40
Q

determination of the primary structure of protein, like similar analysis of nucleic acid

A

sequence analysis

Long Exam (Biochem) (2 decks)

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