Proteins Flashcards
What are proteins commonly made of?
20 amino acids
What are amino acids made of?
Hydrogen
Carboxly grip
An amino group
A unique side of chain or R-group
What does it vary in
Structure
Protein conformation
3 dimensional
Native conformation
Under normal conditions
A celluar response to chemical stimuli-function
*(receptor proteins)
Structural support-function
Actin, anchoring fibrils, collagen
Storage-function
Amino acids
Transport-function
Hemoglobin
Signaling-function
Chemical messengers
Celluar response to chemical stimuli-function
Receptor proteins
Movement-function
Contractile proteins
Defense-funtion
Antibodies
Catalyst of most biochemical reactions- functions
Enzymes
Functions
1.structural support
2.storage
3.transport
4.signaling
5.celluar response to chemical stimuli
6.movement
7.defense
8.catalyst of most biochemical reactions
Primary structure
*Determined by genes (the order of DNA)
*A slight change in the DNA can effect function
*Amino acid monomers are joined by peptide bonds
2 major types of secondary structure
Alpha helix , beta pleated sheets
Alpha helix
*3.6 amino acids per turn
Who discovered alpha helix
Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1951
What is alpha helix found in
Fibrous protein ( keratin and collagen
Beta pleated sheets
*each sheet is made of anti-parallel changing folded into accordion pleats
*make up the dense core of many globular proteins (Fibroin,lysozyme)
Tertiary
*bonding between side chains R groups of the primary structure
*composed of all types of bonds (polar,non polar
Secondary structure
Spiral of plea when folded
Quaternary structure
*results from the interaction among 7 polypeptides ( subunits) in a single protein
*irons role
The importance of polypeptide
*denatured by organic solvents
*chemical agents
*Heat
*ph changes
Nucleic acids
*hereditary
*dna and rna
DNA and evolution
When was primary structure sequenced in the laboratory
By Sanger 1940-1950
