Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

What are proteins commonly made of?

A

20 amino acids

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2
Q

What are amino acids made of?

A

Hydrogen
Carboxly grip
An amino group
A unique side of chain or R-group

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3
Q

What does it vary in

A

Structure

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4
Q

Protein conformation

A

3 dimensional

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5
Q

Native conformation

A

Under normal conditions

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6
Q

A celluar response to chemical stimuli-function

A

*(receptor proteins)

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7
Q

Structural support-function

A

Actin, anchoring fibrils, collagen

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8
Q

Storage-function

A

Amino acids

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9
Q

Transport-function

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

Signaling-function

A

Chemical messengers

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11
Q

Celluar response to chemical stimuli-function

A

Receptor proteins

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12
Q

Movement-function

A

Contractile proteins

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13
Q

Defense-funtion

A

Antibodies

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14
Q

Catalyst of most biochemical reactions- functions

A

Enzymes

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15
Q

Functions

A

1.structural support
2.storage
3.transport
4.signaling
5.celluar response to chemical stimuli
6.movement
7.defense
8.catalyst of most biochemical reactions

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16
Q

Primary structure

A

*Determined by genes (the order of DNA)
*A slight change in the DNA can effect function
*Amino acid monomers are joined by peptide bonds

17
Q

2 major types of secondary structure

A

Alpha helix , beta pleated sheets

18
Q

Alpha helix

A

*3.6 amino acids per turn

19
Q

Who discovered alpha helix

A

Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1951

20
Q

What is alpha helix found in

A

Fibrous protein ( keratin and collagen

21
Q

Beta pleated sheets

A

*each sheet is made of anti-parallel changing folded into accordion pleats
*make up the dense core of many globular proteins (Fibroin,lysozyme)

22
Q

Tertiary

A

*bonding between side chains R groups of the primary structure
*composed of all types of bonds (polar,non polar

23
Q

Secondary structure

A

Spiral of plea when folded

24
Q

Quaternary structure

A

*results from the interaction among 7 polypeptides ( subunits) in a single protein
*irons role

25
Q

The importance of polypeptide

A

*denatured by organic solvents
*chemical agents
*Heat
*ph changes

26
Q

Nucleic acids

A

*hereditary
*dna and rna
DNA and evolution

27
Q

When was primary structure sequenced in the laboratory

A

By Sanger 1940-1950